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使用Spock模拟弹簧支撑模板

resttemplate spock mocking spring java

Kamil W · 技术社区 · 7 年前

谁能给我举个例子,如何使用Spock测试RestTemplate。我的课是这样的:

@Service
public class SomeService {

    @Autowired
    private EndpointUrlProvider endpointUrlProvider;
    private RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();

    public SomeResponse doSomePostRequest(HttpEntity<?> httpEntity) throws Exception {
    ResponseEntity<SomeResponse> response;
            try{
                response = restTemplate.postForEntity(endpointUrlProvider.getSomeUrl(),httpEntity,SomeResponse.class);
            } catch (Exception e){
                throw new Exception("Exception occured during post for:" + httpEntity.getBody().getClass().getSimpleName() + " Cause: " + e.getMessage());
            }
            if(response.getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.OK){
                return response.getBody();
            }
            throw new Exception("Error during " + response.getBody().getClass().getSimpleName() + "Http status is diffrent than 200: " + response.getBody().toString());
        }
    }

测验:

class SomeTest extends Specification {

    RestTemplate restTemplate = Mock {
        postForEntity(_, _, SomeResponse.class) >> new ResponseEntity(new SomeResponse(), HttpStatus.OK)
    }

    @Autowired
    SomeService someService

    def "someTest"() {
        when:
        SomeResponse someResponse = someService.doSomePostRequest(new HttpEntity<>(new SomeBody(), new HttpHeaders()))
        then:
        someResponse == new SomeResponse()
    }
}

主要的问题是模仿RestTemplate的行为,我正在寻找解决方案,如何以正确的方式做到这一点。我不用弹簧靴。

1 回复 | 直到 7 年前

Ivan Lymar 7 年前

情况如下:

RestTemplate 在你的服务课上。

  private RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();

然后创建模拟测试并调用服务方法:

    RestTemplate restTemplate = Mock {
            postForEntity(_, _, SomeResponse.class) >> new ResponseEntity(new SomeResponse(), HttpStatus.OK)
        }
                  ....
    someService.doSomePostRequest

但您的服务中仍然包含常见的rest模板。您应该注入模拟对象。我建议你通过构造函数来做。因此,请将代码更改为:

@Service
public class SomeService {

private EndpointUrlProvider endpointUrlProvider;
private RestTemplate restTemplate;

@Autowired
public SomeService(EndpointUrlProvider endpointUrlProvider, RestTemplate restTemplate){
  this.endpointUrlProvider = endpointUrlProvider;
  this.restTemplate = restTemplate;
}

您的测试将是:

class SomeTest extends Specification {

    RestTemplate restTemplate = Mock {
        postForEntity(_, _, SomeResponse.class) >> new ResponseEntity(new SomeResponse(), HttpStatus.OK)
    }

    SomeService someService = new SomeService (  null, restTemplate);

    def "someTest"() {
        when:
        SomeResponse someResponse = someService.doSomePostRequest(new HttpEntity<>(new SomeBody(), new HttpHeaders()))
        then:
        someResponse == new SomeResponse()
    }
}

现在,您的服务对象将在注入的MOCK上调用方法,这并不常见 RestTemplate

附笔

spring认为构造函数注入是一种很好的做法。

与在所有服务中创建新对象相比,最好创建RestTemplate bean并将其注入到任何地方。