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getaddrinfo(),IPv6没有意义

getaddrinfo ipv6 winapi sockets c

1

user541686 · 技术社区 · 7 年前

我不明白为什么 getaddrinfo

22:B8:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00:00 ,但我希望 01 localhost 应决心 ::1 .

同时 sa_data 只有14个字节,而IPv6地址是16个字节,所以最后几个字节似乎总是被截断,函数不能返回IPv6地址?

有人能解释一下发生了什么事吗?我应该如何在IPv6中使用此功能?

#include <stdio.h>
#include <WinSock2.h>
#include <WS2TCPIP.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "WS2_32")

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    WSADATA wsadata;
    WSAStartup(0x0002, &wsadata);
    addrinfo addr_hints = { 0, PF_INET6, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP }, *addrs_out;
    getaddrinfo("localhost", "8888", &addr_hints, &addrs_out);
    fprintf(stderr,
        "%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X\n",
        static_cast<unsigned char>(addrs_out->ai_addr->sa_data[ 0]),
        static_cast<unsigned char>(addrs_out->ai_addr->sa_data[ 1]),
        static_cast<unsigned char>(addrs_out->ai_addr->sa_data[ 2]),
        static_cast<unsigned char>(addrs_out->ai_addr->sa_data[ 3]),
        static_cast<unsigned char>(addrs_out->ai_addr->sa_data[ 4]),
        static_cast<unsigned char>(addrs_out->ai_addr->sa_data[ 5]),
        static_cast<unsigned char>(addrs_out->ai_addr->sa_data[ 6]),
        static_cast<unsigned char>(addrs_out->ai_addr->sa_data[ 7]),
        static_cast<unsigned char>(addrs_out->ai_addr->sa_data[ 8]),
        static_cast<unsigned char>(addrs_out->ai_addr->sa_data[ 9]),
        static_cast<unsigned char>(addrs_out->ai_addr->sa_data[10]),
        static_cast<unsigned char>(addrs_out->ai_addr->sa_data[11]),
        static_cast<unsigned char>(addrs_out->ai_addr->sa_data[12]),
        static_cast<unsigned char>(addrs_out->ai_addr->sa_data[13]));
    freeaddrinfo(addrs_out);
    return 0;
}

2 回复 | 直到 7 年前

1

6

Jeff 7 年前

sockaddr 结构定义供参考:

struct sockaddr {
    ushort  sa_family;
    char    sa_data[14];
};


struct sockaddr_in6 {
    short   sin6_family;
    u_short sin6_port;
    u_long  sin6_flowinfo;
    struct  in6_addr sin6_addr;
    u_long  sin6_scope_id;
};

什么时候 ai_family == AF_INET6 ai_addr struct sockaddr_in6 . 打印的前几个字节是 sin6_port 和 sin6_flowinfo . IPv6地址在后面。

编辑以添加:

ai_地址 直接使用以下函数 bind() getnameinfo() . 您通常不需要深入了解结构定义的细节。例如,我会使用 getnameinfo() NI_NUMERICHOST 获取可打印的地址。

2

1

RbMm 7 年前

sockaddr sockaddr结构。该结构在

所以我们需要先检查一下 sa_family 属于 sockaddr 或 ai_family 从…起 addrinfo (在此基础上,它必须相等)并基于此需要从 (就像这样 void*

addrinfo *addrs_out, *addr;

if (getaddrinfo("localhost", "8888", 0, &addrs_out) == NOERROR)
{
    addr = addrs_out;

    CHAR buf[256], *sz, srv[128];
    ULONG n;
    PUCHAR Byte;

    do 
    {
        union {
            sockaddr* ai_addr;
            SOCKADDR_IN* pa;
            SOCKADDR_IN6* pa6;
        };

        ai_addr = addr->ai_addr;

        if (addr->ai_family != ai_addr->sa_family)
        {
            __debugbreak();
        }

        switch (addr->ai_family)
        {
        case AF_INET6:
            Byte = pa6->sin6_addr.u.Byte, n = RTL_NUMBER_OF(pa6->sin6_addr.u.Byte), sz = buf;
            do 
            {
                sz += sprintf(sz, "%02X:", *Byte++);
            } while (--n);

            sz[-1] = 0;
            DbgPrint("AF_INET6: %s\n", buf);
            break;

        case AF_INET:
            if (0 <= RtlIpv4AddressToStringExA(&pa->sin_addr.S_un.S_addr, pa->sin_port, buf, &(n = RTL_NUMBER_OF(buf))))
            {
                DbgPrint("AF_INET: %s\n", buf);
            }
            break;
        }

        // alt print
        if (getnameinfo(ai_addr, (socklen_t)addr->ai_addrlen, buf, RTL_NUMBER_OF(buf), srv, RTL_NUMBER_OF(srv), NI_NUMERICHOST ) == NOERROR)
        {
            DbgPrint("%s:%s\n", buf, srv);
        }

    } while (addr = addr->ai_next);

    freeaddrinfo(addrs_out);
}