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按行修改数据帧中的字符串

strip pandas string python

ShanZhengYang · 技术社区 · 6 年前

在Python3的pandas数据帧中,列中有以下字符串 string1 和 string2 :

import pandas as pd

datainput = [
    { 'string1': 'TTTABCDABCDTTTTT', 'string2': 'ABABABABABABABAA' },
    { 'string1': 'AAAAAAAA', 'string2': 'TTAAAATT' },
    { 'string1': 'TTABCDTTTTT', 'string2': 'ABABABABABA' }
]

df = pd.DataFrame(datainput)

df
            string1           string2
0  TTTABCDABCDTTTTT  ABABABABABABABAA
1          AAAAAAAA          TTAAAATT
2       TTABCDTTTTT       ABABABABABA

字符串1 字符串2 定义为相同长度。

对于数据帧的每一行,字符串可能需要“清除”开头/结尾字母“T”。但是,对于每一行,字符串都需要去掉相同数量的字符,以便字符串保持相同的长度。

正确的输出如下:

df
            string1           string2
0          ABCDABCD      BABABABA
1          AAAA          AAAA
2          ABCD          ABAB

strip() ,例如。

string1 = "TTTABCDABCDTTTTT"
string2 = "ABABABABABABABAA"

length_original = len(string1)
num_left_chars = len(string1) - len(string1.lstrip('T'))
num_right_chars = len(string1.rstrip('T'))
edited = string1[num_left_chars:num_right_chars]
## print(edited)
## 'ABCDABCD'

但是,在这种情况下,需要遍历所有行并同时重新定义两行。怎样才能一行一行地修改这些字符串?

编辑:我的主要困惑是,考虑到这两个专栏可能 T ,我如何重新定义它们?

2 回复 | 直到 6 年前

Yosi Hammer 6 年前

有点长,但能完成任务。。

import re
def count_head(s):
    head = re.findall('^T+', s)
    if head:
        return len(head[0])
    return 0
def count_tail(s):
    tail = re.findall('T+$', s)
    if tail:
        return len(tail[0])
    return 0
df1 = df.copy()
df1['st1_head'] = df1['string1'].apply(count_head)
df1['st2_head'] = df1['string2'].apply(count_head)
df1['st1_tail'] = df1['string1'].apply(count_tail)
df1['st2_tail'] = df1['string2'].apply(count_tail)
df1['length'] = df1['string1'].str.len()

def trim_strings(row):
    head = max(row['st1_head'], row['st2_head'])
    tail = max(row['st1_tail'], row['st2_tail'])
    l = row['length']
    return {'string1': row['string1'][head:(l-tail)],
           'string2': row['string2'][head:(l-tail)]}
new_df = pd.DataFrame(list(df1.apply(trim_strings, axis=1)))
print(new_df)

    string1   string2
0  ABCDABCD  BABABABA
1      AAAA      AAAA
2      ABCD      ABAB

def trim(st1, st2):
    l = len(st1)
    head = max(len(st1) - len(st1.lstrip('T')), 
              len(st2) - len(st2.lstrip('T')))
    tail = max(len(st1) - len(st1.rstrip('T')), 
              len(st2) - len(st2.rstrip('T')))
    return (st1[head:(l-tail)],
           st2[head:(l-tail)])

new_df = pd.DataFrame(list(
    df.apply(lambda r: trim(r['string1'], r['string2']), 
         axis=1)), columns=['string1', 'string2'])
print(new_df)

主要要注意的是 df.apply(<your function>, axis=1)

stormfield 6 年前

raw_data = {'name': ['Will Morris', 'Alferd Hitcock', 'Sir William', 'Daniel Thomas'],
                'age': [11, 49, 66, 77],
                'color': ['TblueT', 'redT', 'white', "cyan"],
                'marks': [74, 90, 44, 17]}
df = pd.DataFrame(raw_data, columns = ['name', 'age', 'color', 'grade'])
print(df)
cols =  ['name','color']
print("new df")
#following line does the magic 

df[cols] = df[cols].apply(lambda row: row.str.lstrip('T').str.rstrip('T'), axis=1)
print(df)

将打印

               name  age   color  grade
0  TWillard MorrisT   20  TblueT     88
1       Al Jennings   19    redT     92
2      Omar Mullins   22  yellow     95
3  Spencer McDaniel   21   green     70

new df

               name  age   color  grade
0    Willard Morris   20    blue     88
1       Al Jennings   19     red     92
2      Omar Mullins   22  yellow     95
3  Spencer McDaniel   21   green     70