在C中创建(按需)SQL Server 2008 Express数据库的最佳实践

使用SQL Server管理对象(SMO)可以做很多工作:

// Add a reference to Microsoft.SqlServer.Smo
// Add a reference to Microsoft.SqlServer.ConnectionInfo
// Add a reference to Microsoft.SqlServer.SqlEnum

using Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.Specialized;
using System.Data;

public class SqlServerController
{

    private Server m_server = null;

    public SqlServerController(string server)
    {
        m_server = new Server(server);
    }

    public void AttachDatabase(string database, StringCollection files,
        AttachOptions options)
    {
        m_server.AttachDatabase(database, files, options);
    }

    public void AddBackupDevice(string name)
    {
        BackupDevice device = new BackupDevice(m_server, name);
        m_server.BackupDevices.Add(device);
    }

    public string GetServerVersion(string serverName)
    {
        return m_server.PingSqlServerVersion(serverName).ToString();
    }

    public int CountActiveConnections(string database)
    {
        return m_server.GetActiveDBConnectionCount(database);
    }

    public void DeleteDatabase(string database)
    {
        m_server.KillDatabase(database);
    }

    public void DetachDatabase(string database, bool updateStatistics, 
        bool removeFullTextIndex)
    {
        m_server.DetachDatabase(database, updateStatistics, removeFullTextIndex);
    }

    public void CreateDatabase(string database)
    {
        Database db = new Database(m_server, database);
        db.Create();
    }

    public void CreateTable(string database, string table, 
        List<Column> columnList, List<Index> indexList)
    {
        Database db = m_server.Databases[database];
        Table newTable = new Table(db, table);

        foreach (Column column in columnList)
            newTable.Columns.Add(column);

        if (indexList != null)
        {
            foreach (Index index in indexList)
                newTable.Indexes.Add(index);
        }

        newTable.Create();

    }

    public Column CreateColumn(string name, DataType type, string @default,
        bool isIdentity, bool nullable)
    {
        Column column = new Column();

        column.DataType = type;
        column.Default = @default;
        column.Identity = isIdentity;
        column.Nullable = nullable;

        return column;
    }

    public Index CreateIndex(string name, bool isClustered, IndexKeyType type,
      string[] columnNameList)
    {

        Index index = new Index();

        index.Name = name;
        index.IndexKeyType = type;
        index.IsClustered = isClustered;

        foreach (string columnName in columnNameList)
            index.IndexedColumns.Add(new IndexedColumn(index, columnName));

        return index;
    }

}

另一种解决方案是使用SQLite而不是SQL Express。如果您使用 this solution . sqlite数据库只是文件,您的连接字符串可以引用文件路径。当用户想要打开他们的文件时,他们可以选择一个实际的文件。

我觉得这个数据库将在本地用户的计算机上运行。如果是这样,SQL Server Express通常不是一个好的数据库选择。它是一个服务器类引擎,而不是桌面或进程内引擎。相反,您可以使用许多好的进程内引擎:SQL Server Compact Edition、SQLite(如Jacob所述)甚至Access。

如果您认为SQL Server Express 2008是正确的选择(不过,sqllite似乎更适合),我会考虑使用 User Instances 这将允许非管理员根据您的描述从文件添加数据库。

本文演示如何创建新数据库,并将其附加到SQL Server数据库实例:

如何:将数据库文件附加到SQL Server Express
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms165673.aspx

本文将介绍如何管理现有数据库的附加和分离: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms190794.aspx

http://www.databasejournal.com/features/mssql/article.php/2224361/Attaching-and-Detaching-Databases-on-SQL-Server.htm

用于SQL Server 2008 R2的以下连接字符串。

   <connectionstring>Data Source=.\SQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=MyDatabase;Integrated Security=True;Pooling=True</connectionstring>

你可以的

  var connectionString = new SqlConnectionStringBuilder(connectionString);

  var serverConnection = new ServerConnection("DatabaseInstanceName in server");

  var serverInstance = new Server(serverConnection);

  if (serverInstance.Databases.Contains(connectionString.InitialCatalog))
      serverInstance.KillDatabase(connectionString.InitialCatalog);

  var db = new Database(serverInstance, connectionString.InitialCatalog);

  try
  {
     db.Create();
  }
  catch (SqlException ex)
  {
     throw;
  }

感谢哈维先生指出了正确的方向。虽然在我的情况下,我必须做这些小的改变。因为,我使用Windows身份验证。