均匀随机奇异二叉树的生成

啊哈,我想我已经掌握了如何在O(N)时间内创建一个随机堆(之后,使用Greg Kuperberg的答案中的方法转换为“好奇的”二叉树。)

编辑2

struct Node {
   Node left, right;
   Object key;
   constructor newNode() { 
     N = new Node; 
     N.left = N.right = null; 
     N.key = null;
   }
}

function create-random-heap(RandomNumberGenerator rng, int N)
{
   Node heap = Node.newNode();
   // Creates a heap with an "incomplete" node containing a null, and having
   // both child nodes as null.

   List incompleteHeapNodes = [heap];
   // use a vector/array type list to keep track of incomplete heap nodes.

   for k = 1:N
   {
      // loop invariant: incompleteHeapNodes has k members. Order is unimportant.

     int m = rng.getRandomNumber(k);
     // create a random number between 0 and k-1
     Node node = incompleteHeapNodes.get(m);
     // pick a random node from the incomplete list, 
     // make it a complete node with key k.
     // It is ok to do so since all of its parent nodes
     // have values less than k.
     node.left = Node.newNode();
     node.right = Node.newNode();
     node.key = k;

     // Now remove this node from incompleteHeapNodes
     // and add its children. (replace node with node.left,
     // append node.right)

     incompleteHeapNodes.set(m, node.left);
     incompleteHeapNodes.append(node.right);

     // All operations in this loop take O(1) time.
   }

   return prune-null-nodes(heap);
}

// get rid of all the incomplete nodes.
function prune-null-nodes(heap)
{
   if (heap == null || heap.key == null)
      return null;
   heap.left = prune-null-nodes(heap.left);
   heap.right = prune-null-nodes(heap.right);
}