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使用.NET绘制解析树最简单、最快速的方法是什么?

  •  4
  • mp.  · 技术社区  · 14 年前

    我用C编写了一个简单的自上而下的解析器。这是一个控制台应用程序。我希望解析器能够在计算结束时保存解析树的图像文件。我想我可以用格拉维兹,但我想知道你的意见。 谢谢。

    2 回复  |  直到 14 年前
        1
  •  4
  •   Ira Baxter    14 年前

    您可以使用SVG作为dot/graphviz的替代方案;两者可能都很好。

    无论是哪种情况,都应该很容易浏览解析树并生成控制图形绘制的输出。如果树是显式构造的,那么递归遍历应该很容易实现。如果没有构造树,则需要在分析时动态生成图形节点。

    对于 DMS Software Reengineering Toolkit ,它构造了显式的AST,我们做了一些简单的事情:遍历树,简单地在一行上打印出根节点,它的子节点在不同的文本行上。我们以一种lisp样式的格式(出于历史原因)和一种XML样式的格式(非常需要)来完成这项工作。如果您可以进行递归树遍历,那么编写代码的工作可能需要大约一个小时。

    它不是一个漂亮的图形绘制,但它不受绘制大型图形的问题…只需获得巨大的文本输出,但可以使用 较少的 珀尔 .

    即使是一个小的AST也可能有很多节点,因此会使您无法用图形绘制/理解。我的经验是,一个AST的每条源代码行大约有5-8个节点。

    以下22行PLSQL代码:

    -- available online in file 'sample3'
    DECLARE
       x NUMBER := 0;
       counter NUMBER := 0;
    BEGIN
       FOR i IN 1..4 LOOP
          x := x + 1000;
          counter := counter + 1;
          INSERT INTO temp VALUES (x, counter, 'outer loop');
          /* start an inner block */
          DECLARE
             x NUMBER := 0;  -- this is a local version of x
          BEGIN
             FOR i IN 1..4 LOOP
                x := x + 1;  -- this increments the local x
                counter := counter + 1;
                INSERT INTO temp VALUES (x, counter, 'inner loop');
             END LOOP;
          END;
       END LOOP;
       COMMIT;
    END;
    

    这是一个示例输出,180个树节点(注意每个节点的源位置信息):

     C:\DMS\Domains\PLSQL\Tools\Parser\Source>run ../domainparser ++XML C:\DMS\Domains\PLSQL\Examples\sample.sql
     Domain Parser for PLSQL 2.3.2 Copyright (C) Semantic Designs 1996-2009; All Rights Reserved
     180 tree nodes in tree.
     2 ambiguity nodes in tree.
     <DMSForest>
      <tree node="root" type="1" domain="1" id="1ky2c" parents="0" line="3" column="1" file="1">
       <tree node="plsql_block" type="458" domain="1" id="1ky1x" line="3" column="1" file="1">
        <precomment child=" 1" index="1">-- available online in file 'sample3'</precomment>
        <tree node="block_body" type="463" domain="1" id="1ky28" line="4" column="4" file="1">
         <tree node="optional_type_or_item_declaration_list" type="465" domain="1" id="1kxp9" line="4" column="4" file="1">
          <tree node="optional_type_or_item_declaration_list" type="465" domain="1" id="1kxox" line="4" column="4" file="1">
           <tree node="optional_type_or_item_declaration_list" type="464" domain="1" id="1kxnz" line="4" column="4" file="1"/>
           <tree node="item_declaration" type="139" domain="1" id="1kxoy" line="4" column="4" file="1">
            <tree node="IDENTIFIER" type="1691" domain="1" id="1kxny" line="4" column="4" file="1">
             <literal>x</literal>
            </tree>
            <tree node="datatype" type="47" domain="1" id="1kxo3" line="4" column="6" file="1"/>
            <tree node="not_null_option" type="126" domain="1" id="1kxo4" line="4" column="13" file="1"/>
            <tree node="initial_value" type="146" domain="1" id="1kxoq" line="4" column="13" file="1">
             <tree node="logical_disjunction" type="330" domain="1" id="1kxon" line="4" column="16" file="1">
              <tree node="logical_conjunction" type="332" domain="1" id="1kxol" line="4" column="16" file="1">
               <tree node="sum" type="356" domain="1" id="1kxog" line="4" column="16" file="1">
                <tree node="product" type="360" domain="1" id="1kxoe" line="4" column="16" file="1">
                 <tree node="power" type="367" domain="1" id="1kxo9" line="4" column="16" file="1">
                  <tree node="NATURAL" type="1422" domain="1" id="1kxo6" literal="0" line="4" column="16" file="1"/>
                 </tree>
                </tree>
               </tree>
              </tree>
             </tree>
            </tree>
           </tree>
          </tree>
          <tree node="item_declaration" type="139" domain="1" id="1kxpa" line="5" column="4" file="1">
           <tree node="IDENTIFIER" type="1691" domain="1" id="1kxow" line="5" column="4" file="1">
            <literal>counter</literal>
           </tree>
           <tree node="datatype" type="47" domain="1" id="1kxp0" line="5" column="12" file="1"/>
           <tree node="not_null_option" type="126" domain="1" id="1kxp1" line="5" column="19" file="1"/>
           <tree node="initial_value" type="146" domain="1" id="1kxp8" line="5" column="19" file="1">
            <tree node="logical_disjunction" type="330" domain="1" id="1kxp7" line="5" column="22" file="1">
             <tree node="logical_conjunction" type="332" domain="1" id="1kxp6" line="5" column="22" file="1">
              <tree node="sum" type="356" domain="1" id="1kxp5" line="5" column="22" file="1">
               <tree node="product" type="360" domain="1" id="1kxp4" line="5" column="22" file="1">
                <tree node="power" type="367" domain="1" id="1kxp3" line="5" column="22" file="1">
                 <tree node="NATURAL" type="1422" domain="1" id="1kxp2" literal="0" line="5" column="22" file="1"/>
                </tree>
               </tree>
              </tree>
             </tree>
            </tree>
           </tree>
          </tree>
         </tree>
         <tree node="optional_function_or_procedure_declaration_list" type="466" domain="1" id="1kxpc" line="6" column="1" file="1"/>
         <tree node="statement_list" type="473" domain="1" id="1kxrp" children="2" line="7" column="4" file="1">
          <tree node="for_loop_statement" type="680" domain="1" id="1ky26" line="7" column="4" file="1">
           <tree node="IDENTIFIER" type="1691" domain="1" id="1kxpd" line="7" column="8" file="1">
            <literal>i</literal>
           </tree>
           <tree node="logical_disjunction" type="330" domain="1" id="1kxpj" line="7" column="13" file="1">
            <tree node="logical_conjunction" type="332" domain="1" id="1kxpi" line="7" column="13" file="1">
             <tree node="sum" type="356" domain="1" id="1kxph" line="7" column="13" file="1">
              <tree node="product" type="360" domain="1" id="1kxpg" line="7" column="13" file="1">
               <tree node="power" type="367" domain="1" id="1kxpf" line="7" column="13" file="1">
                <tree node="NATURAL" type="1422" domain="1" id="1kxpe" literal="1" line="7" column="13" file="1"/>
               </tree>
              </tree>
             </tree>
            </tree>
           </tree>
           <tree node="logical_disjunction" type="330" domain="1" id="1kxpp" line="7" column="16" file="1">
            <tree node="logical_conjunction" type="332" domain="1" id="1kxpo" line="7" column="16" file="1">
             <tree node="sum" type="356" domain="1" id="1kxpn" line="7" column="16" file="1">
              <tree node="product" type="360" domain="1" id="1kxpm" line="7" column="16" file="1">
               <tree node="power" type="367" domain="1" id="1kxpl" line="7" column="16" file="1">
                <tree node="NATURAL" type="1422" domain="1" id="1kxpk" literal="4" line="7" column="16" file="1"/>
               </tree>
              </tree>
             </tree>
            </tree>
           </tree>
           <tree node="statement_list" type="473" domain="1" id="1kxqh" children="4" line="8" column="7" file="1">
            <tree node="assignment_statement" type="511" domain="1" id="1kxq1" line="8" column="7" file="1">
             <tree node="IDENTIFIER" type="1691" domain="1" id="1kxpq" line="8" column="7" file="1">
              <literal>x</literal>
             </tree>
             <tree node="logical_disjunction" type="330" domain="1" id="1kxpw" line="8" column="12" file="1">
              <tree node="logical_conjunction" type="332" domain="1" id="1kxpu" line="8" column="12" file="1">
               <tree node="sum" type="357" domain="1" id="1kxpt" line="8" column="12" file="1">
                <tree node="sum" type="356" domain="1" id="1kxov" line="8" column="12" file="1">
                 <tree node="product" type="360" domain="1" id="1kxoc" line="8" column="12" file="1">
                  <tree node="power" type="367" domain="1" id="1kxo8" line="8" column="12" file="1">
                   <tree node="IDENTIFIER" type="1691" domain="1" id="1kxo0" line="8" column="12" file="1">
                    <literal>x</literal>
                   </tree>
                  </tree>
                 </tree>
                </tree>
                <tree node="product" type="360" domain="1" id="1kxps" line="8" column="16" file="1">
                 <tree node="power" type="367" domain="1" id="1kxpr" line="8" column="16" file="1">
                  <tree node="NATURAL" type="1422" domain="1" id="1kxou" literal="1000" line="8" column="16" file="1"/>
                 </tree>
                </tree>
               </tree>
              </tree>
             </tree>
            </tree>
            <tree node="assignment_statement" type="511" domain="1" id="1kxqg" line="9" column="7" file="1">
             <tree node="IDENTIFIER" type="1691" domain="1" id="1kxq0" line="9" column="7" file="1">
              <literal>counter</literal>
             </tree>
             <tree node="logical_disjunction" type="330" domain="1" id="1kxqd" line="9" column="18" file="1">
              <tree node="logical_conjunction" type="332" domain="1" id="1kxqb" line="9" column="18" file="1">
               <tree node="sum" type="357" domain="1" id="1kxqa" line="9" column="18" file="1">
                <tree node="sum" type="356" domain="1" id="1kxq2" line="9" column="18" file="1">
                 <tree node="product" type="360" domain="1" id="1kxo7" line="9" column="18" file="1">
                  <tree node="power" type="367" domain="1" id="1kxos" line="9" column="18" file="1">
                   <tree node="IDENTIFIER" type="1691" domain="1" id="1kxor" line="9" column="18" file="1">
                    <literal>counter</literal>
                   </tree>
                  </tree>
                 </tree>
                </tree>
                <tree node="product" type="360" domain="1" id="1kxq7" line="9" column="28" file="1">
                 <tree node="power" type="367" domain="1" id="1kxq4" line="9" column="28" file="1">
                  <tree node="NATURAL" type="1422" domain="1" id="1kxq3" literal="1" line="9" column="28" file="1"/>
                 </tree>
                </tree>
               </tree>
              </tree>
             </tree>
            </tree>
            <tree node="unlabelled_statement" type="500" domain="1" id="1kxrj" line="10" column="7" file="1">
             <tree node="subordinate_insert_statement" type="652" domain="1" id="1kxri" line="10" column="7" file="1">
              <tree node="table_reference" type="920" domain="1" id="1kxqr" line="10" column="19" file="1">
               <tree node="$NONTERMINALAMBIGUITY" type="1778" nonterminalname="query_table_expression" nonterminaltype="611" domain="1" id="1kxqf" children="2" line="10" column="19" file="1">
                <tree node="query_table_expression" type="946" domain="1" id="1kxqn" line="10" column="19" file="1">
                 <tree node="IDENTIFIER" type="1691" domain="1" id="1kxqk" parents="2" line="10" column="19" file="1">
                  <literal>temp</literal>
                 </tree>
                </tree>
                <tree node="query_table_expression" type="953" domain="1" id="1kxqq" line="10" column="19" file="1">
                 <tree node="IDENTIFIER" type="1691" domain="1" id="1kxqk" parents="2" alreadyprinted="true"/>
                </tree>
               </tree>
              </tree>
              <tree node="sql_expression_list" type="657" domain="1" id="1kxrg" line="10" column="32" file="1">
               <tree node="sql_expression_list" type="657" domain="1" id="1kxr9" line="10" column="32" file="1">
                <tree node="disjunction_condition" type="1188" domain="1" id="1kxqy" line="10" column="32" file="1">
                 <tree node="conjunction_condition" type="1190" domain="1" id="1kxqx" line="10" column="32" file="1">
                  <tree node="additive_expression" type="1243" domain="1" id="1kxqw" line="10" column="32" file="1">
                   <tree node="multiplicative_expression" type="1246" domain="1" id="1kxqv" line="10" column="32" file="1">
                    <tree node="IDENTIFIER" type="1691" domain="1" id="1kxqu" line="10" column="32" file="1">
                     <literal>x</literal>
                    </tree>
                   </tree>
                  </tree>
                 </tree>
                </tree>
                <tree node="disjunction_condition" type="1188" domain="1" id="1kxr8" line="10" column="35" file="1">
                 <tree node="conjunction_condition" type="1190" domain="1" id="1kxr7" line="10" column="35" file="1">
                  <tree node="additive_expression" type="1243" domain="1" id="1kxr6" line="10" column="35" file="1">
                   <tree node="multiplicative_expression" type="1246" domain="1" id="1kxr5" line="10" column="35" file="1">
                    <tree node="IDENTIFIER" type="1691" domain="1" id="1kxr4" line="10" column="35" file="1">
                     <literal>counter</literal>
                    </tree>
                   </tree>
                  </tree>
                 </tree>
                </tree>
               </tree>
               <tree node="disjunction_condition" type="1188" domain="1" id="1kxrf" line="10" column="44" file="1">
                <tree node="conjunction_condition" type="1190" domain="1" id="1kxre" line="10" column="44" file="1">
                 <tree node="additive_expression" type="1243" domain="1" id="1kxrd" line="10" column="44" file="1">
                  <tree node="multiplicative_expression" type="1246" domain="1" id="1kxrc" line="10" column="44" file="1">
                   <tree node="STRING" type="1556" domain="1" id="1kxrb" line="10" column="44" file="1">
                    <literal>outer loop</literal>
                   </tree>
                  </tree>
                 </tree>
                </tree>
               </tree>
              </tree>
              <tree node="optional_returning_clause" type="587" domain="1" id="1kxrh" line="10" column="57" file="1"/>
             </tree>
            </tree>
            <tree node="plsql_block" type="458" domain="1" id="1ky1u" line="12" column="7" file="1">
             <precomment child=" 1" index="1">/* start an inner block */</precomment>
             <tree node="block_body" type="463" domain="1" id="1ky24" line="13" column="10" file="1">
              <tree node="optional_type_or_item_declaration_list" type="465" domain="1" id="1kxz9" line="13" column="10" file="1">
               <tree node="optional_type_or_item_declaration_list" type="464" domain="1" id="1kxrq" line="13" column="10" file="1"/>
               <tree node="item_declaration" type="139" domain="1" id="1kxza" line="13" column="10" file="1">
                <postcomment child="5" index="1">-- this is a local version of x</postcomment>
                <tree node="IDENTIFIER" type="1691" domain="1" id="1kxrn" line="13" column="10" file="1">
                 <literal>x</literal>
                </tree>
                <tree node="datatype" type="47" domain="1" id="1kxrr" line="13" column="12" file="1"/>
                <tree node="not_null_option" type="126" domain="1" id="1kxrs" line="13" column="19" file="1"/>
                <tree node="initial_value" type="146" domain="1" id="1kxz5" line="13" column="19" file="1">
                 <tree node="logical_disjunction" type="330" domain="1" id="1kxz4" line="13" column="22" file="1">
                  <tree node="logical_conjunction" type="332" domain="1" id="1kxrz" line="13" column="22" file="1">
                   <tree node="sum" type="356" domain="1" id="1kxry" line="13" column="22" file="1">
                    <tree node="product" type="360" domain="1" id="1kxrx" line="13" column="22" file="1">
                     <tree node="power" type="367" domain="1" id="1kxrw" line="13" column="22" file="1">
                      <tree node="NATURAL" type="1422" domain="1" id="1kxrt" literal="0" line="13" column="22" file="1"/>
                     </tree>
                    </tree>
                   </tree>
                  </tree>
                 </tree>
                </tree>
               </tree>
              </tree>
              <tree node="optional_function_or_procedure_declaration_list" type="466" domain="1" id="1kxze" line="14" column="7" file="1"/>
              <tree node="for_loop_statement" type="680" domain="1" id="1ky1y" line="15" column="10" file="1">
               <tree node="IDENTIFIER" type="1691" domain="1" id="1kxzf" line="15" column="14" file="1">
                <literal>i</literal>
               </tree>
               <tree node="logical_disjunction" type="330" domain="1" id="1kxzq" line="15" column="19" file="1">
                <tree node="logical_conjunction" type="332" domain="1" id="1kxzn" line="15" column="19" file="1">
                 <tree node="sum" type="356" domain="1" id="1kxzk" line="15" column="19" file="1">
                  <tree node="product" type="360" domain="1" id="1kxzj" line="15" column="19" file="1">
                   <tree node="power" type="367" domain="1" id="1kxzi" line="15" column="19" file="1">
                    <tree node="NATURAL" type="1422" domain="1" id="1kxrv" literal="1" line="15" column="19" file="1"/>
                   </tree>
                  </tree>
                 </tree>
                </tree>
               </tree>
               <tree node="logical_disjunction" type="330" domain="1" id="1kxzy" line="15" column="22" file="1">
                <tree node="logical_conjunction" type="332" domain="1" id="1kxzx" line="15" column="22" file="1">
                 <tree node="sum" type="356" domain="1" id="1kxzw" line="15" column="22" file="1">
                  <tree node="product" type="360" domain="1" id="1kxzv" line="15" column="22" file="1">
                   <tree node="power" type="367" domain="1" id="1kxzu" line="15" column="22" file="1">
                    <tree node="NATURAL" type="1422" domain="1" id="1kxzt" literal="4" line="15" column="22" file="1"/>
                   </tree>
                  </tree>
                 </tree>
                </tree>
               </tree>
               <tree node="statement_list" type="473" domain="1" id="1ky0t" children="3" line="16" column="13" file="1">
                <tree node="assignment_statement" type="511" domain="1" id="1ky0g" line="16" column="13" file="1">
                 <postcomment child="4" index="1">-- this increments the local x</postcomment>
                 <tree node="IDENTIFIER" type="1691" domain="1" id="1kxzz" line="16" column="13" file="1">
                  <literal>x</literal>
                 </tree>
                 <tree node="logical_disjunction" type="330" domain="1" id="1ky0c" line="16" column="18" file="1">
                  <tree node="logical_conjunction" type="332" domain="1" id="1ky07" line="16" column="18" file="1">
                   <tree node="sum" type="357" domain="1" id="1ky06" line="16" column="18" file="1">
                    <tree node="sum" type="356" domain="1" id="1ky00" line="16" column="18" file="1">
                     <tree node="product" type="360" domain="1" id="1kxz6" line="16" column="18" file="1">
                      <tree node="power" type="367" domain="1" id="1kxr3" line="16" column="18" file="1">
                       <tree node="IDENTIFIER" type="1691" domain="1" id="1kxop" line="16" column="18" file="1">
                        <literal>x</literal>
                       </tree>
                      </tree>
                     </tree>
                    </tree>
                    <tree node="product" type="360" domain="1" id="1ky05" line="16" column="22" file="1">
                     <tree node="power" type="367" domain="1" id="1ky04" line="16" column="22" file="1">
                      <tree node="NATURAL" type="1422" domain="1" id="1ky01" literal="1" line="16" column="22" file="1"/>
                     </tree>
                    </tree>
                   </tree>
                  </tree>
                 </tree>
                </tree>
                <tree node="assignment_statement" type="511" domain="1" id="1ky0s" line="17" column="13" file="1">
                 <tree node="IDENTIFIER" type="1691" domain="1" id="1ky0f" line="17" column="13" file="1">
                  <literal>counter</literal>
                 </tree>
                 <tree node="logical_disjunction" type="330" domain="1" id="1ky0o" line="17" column="24" file="1">
                  <tree node="logical_conjunction" type="332" domain="1" id="1ky0m" line="17" column="24" file="1">
                   <tree node="sum" type="357" domain="1" id="1ky03" line="17" column="24" file="1">
                    <tree node="sum" type="356" domain="1" id="1ky0h" line="17" column="24" file="1">
                     <tree node="product" type="360" domain="1" id="1kxz7" line="17" column="24" file="1">
                      <tree node="power" type="367" domain="1" id="1kxr0" line="17" column="24" file="1">
                       <tree node="IDENTIFIER" type="1691" domain="1" id="1kxpx" line="17" column="24" file="1">
                        <literal>counter</literal>
                       </tree>
                      </tree>
                     </tree>
                    </tree>
                    <tree node="product" type="360" domain="1" id="1ky02" line="17" column="34" file="1">
                     <tree node="power" type="367" domain="1" id="1ky0l" line="17" column="34" file="1">
                      <tree node="NATURAL" type="1422" domain="1" id="1ky0k" literal="1" line="17" column="34" file="1"/>
                     </tree>
                    </tree>
                   </tree>
                  </tree>
                 </tree>
                </tree>
                <tree node="unlabelled_statement" type="500" domain="1" id="1ky1t" line="18" column="13" file="1">
                 <tree node="subordinate_insert_statement" type="652" domain="1" id="1ky1s" line="18" column="13" file="1">
                  <tree node="table_reference" type="920" domain="1" id="1ky11" line="18" column="25" file="1">
                   <tree node="$NONTERMINALAMBIGUITY" type="1778" nonterminalname="query_table_expression" nonterminaltype="611" domain="1" id="1ky0q" children="2" line="18" column="25" file="1">
                    <tree node="query_table_expression" type="946" domain="1" id="1ky0x" line="18" column="25" file="1">
                     <tree node="IDENTIFIER" type="1691" domain="1" id="1ky0w" parents="2" line="18" column="25" file="1">
                      <literal>temp</literal>
                     </tree>
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       <File index="1">C:/DMS/Domains/PLSQL/Examples/sample.sql</File>
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      <DomainIndex>
       <Domain index="1">PLSQL</Domain>
      </DomainIndex>
     </DMSForest>
    
        2
  •  0
  •   Ira Baxter    14 年前

    我认为我可以生成XML(或者使树xpath可以导航),并使用XSLT转换生成您喜欢的任何(基于文本的)格式,特别是SVG。