在带有.NET的Windows中创建弹出式“烤面包机”通知

WPF使这一点变得非常微不足道:它可能需要10分钟或更少的时间。步骤如下:

1. 创建一个窗口,设置allowsTransparency=“true”并向其添加网格
2. 将网格的renderTransform设置为原点为0,1的scaleTransform
3. 在网格上创建动画,将scalex 0设置为1,然后将不透明度从1设置为0。
4. 在构造函数中计算window.top和window.left,将窗口放置在屏幕的右下角。

就这些了。

使用Expression Blend生成以下工作代码大约需要8分钟:

<Window
    x:Class="NotificationWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
  Title="Notification Popup" Width="300" SizeToContent="Height"
  WindowStyle="None" AllowsTransparency="True" Background="Transparent">

  <Grid RenderTransformOrigin="0,1" >

    <!-- Notification area -->
    <Border BorderThickness="1" Background="Beige" BorderBrush="Black" CornerRadius="10">
      <StackPanel Margin="20">
        <TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap" Margin="5">
          <Bold>Notification data</Bold><LineBreak /><LineBreak />
          Something just happened and you are being notified of it.
        </TextBlock>
        <CheckBox Content="Checkable" Margin="5 5 0 5" />
        <Button Content="Clickable" HorizontalAlignment="Center" />
      </StackPanel>
    </Border>

    <!-- Animation -->
    <Grid.Triggers>
      <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="FrameworkElement.Loaded">
        <BeginStoryboard>
          <Storyboard>
            <DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.RenderTransform).(ScaleTransform.ScaleY)">
              <SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0" Value="0"/>
              <SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="1"/>
            </DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
            <DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.Opacity)">
              <SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:2" Value="1"/>
              <SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:4" Value="0"/>
            </DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
          </Storyboard>
        </BeginStoryboard>
      </EventTrigger>
    </Grid.Triggers>

    <Grid.RenderTransform>
      <ScaleTransform ScaleY="1" />
    </Grid.RenderTransform>

  </Grid>

</Window>

代码隐藏:

using System;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Threading;

public partial class NotificationWindow
{
  public NotificationWindow()
  {
    InitializeComponent();

    Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(DispatcherPriority.ApplicationIdle, new Action(() =>
    {
      var workingArea = System.Windows.Forms.Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea;
      var transform = PresentationSource.FromVisual(this).CompositionTarget.TransformFromDevice;
      var corner = transform.Transform(new Point(workingArea.Right, workingArea.Bottom));

      this.Left = corner.X - this.ActualWidth - 100;
      this.Top = corner.Y - this.ActualHeight;
    }));
  }
}

因为wpf是常规的.NET库之一,所以答案是肯定的。 是 可以通过“常规.NET库”来实现这一点。

如果你在问是否有一种不使用WPF的方法可以做到这一点,答案仍然是肯定的,但这是非常复杂的,需要5天以上的时间,而不是5分钟。

我接着创建了一个codeplex站点,其中包括“ToastPopups”和“HelpBallots”控件。这些版本比下面描述的功能更多。 https://toastspopuphelpballoon.codeplex.com .

对于我所寻找的解决方案来说,这是一个很好的起点。为了满足我的要求,我做了一些修改:

• 我想在鼠标悬停时停止动画。
• 鼠标离开时“重置”动画。
• 当不透明度达到0时关闭窗口。
• 把吐司叠起来(如果窗口数超过屏幕高度,我还没有解决这个问题)
• 从我的视图模型调用加载

这是我的XAML

<Window x:Class="Foundation.FundRaising.DataRequest.Windows.NotificationWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:telerik="http://schemas.telerik.com/2008/xaml/presentation" 
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    Title="NotificationWindow" Height="70" Width="300" ShowInTaskbar="False"
    WindowStyle="None" AllowsTransparency="True" 
    Background="Transparent">

<Grid RenderTransformOrigin="0,1" >
    <Border BorderThickness="2" Background="{StaticResource GradientBackground}" BorderBrush="DarkGray" CornerRadius="7">
        <Grid>
            <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
                <ColumnDefinition Width="60"/>
                <ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
                <ColumnDefinition Width="24"/>
            </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>

            <Grid.RowDefinitions>
                <RowDefinition Height="30"/>
                <RowDefinition Height="*"/>
            </Grid.RowDefinitions>

            <Image Grid.Column="0" 
                   Grid.RowSpan="2" 
                   Source="Resources/data_information.png" 
                   Width="40" Height="40" 
                   VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                   HorizontalAlignment="Center"/>

            <Image Grid.Column="2" 
                   Source="Resources/error20.png"
                   Width="20" 
                   Height="20" 
                   VerticalAlignment="Center" 
                   ToolTip="Close"
                   HorizontalAlignment="Center" 
                   Cursor="Hand" MouseUp="ImageMouseUp"/>

            <TextBlock Grid.Column="1" 
                       Grid.Row="0"
                       VerticalAlignment="Center"
                       HorizontalAlignment="Center"
                       FontWeight="Bold" FontSize="15"
                       Text="A Request has been Added"/>

            <Button Grid.Column="1"
                    Grid.Row="1"
                    FontSize="15"
                    Margin="0,-3,0,0"
                    HorizontalAlignment="Center"
                    VerticalAlignment="Center"
                    Content="Click Here to View" 
                    Style="{StaticResource LinkButton}"/>
        </Grid>            
    </Border>

    <!-- Animation -->
    <Grid.Triggers>
        <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="FrameworkElement.Loaded">
            <BeginStoryboard x:Name="StoryboardLoad">
                <Storyboard>
                    <DoubleAnimation Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.Opacity)" From="0.0" To="1.0" Duration="0:0:2" />
                    <DoubleAnimation Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.Opacity)" From="1.0" To="0.0" Duration="0:0:8" BeginTime="0:0:5" Completed="DoubleAnimationCompleted"/>
                </Storyboard>
            </BeginStoryboard>
        </EventTrigger>

        <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="Mouse.MouseEnter">
            <EventTrigger.Actions>
                <RemoveStoryboard BeginStoryboardName="StoryboardLoad"/>
                <RemoveStoryboard BeginStoryboardName="StoryboardFade"/>
            </EventTrigger.Actions>
        </EventTrigger>

        <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="Mouse.MouseLeave">
            <BeginStoryboard x:Name="StoryboardFade">
                <Storyboard>
                    <DoubleAnimation Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.Opacity)" From="1.0" To="0.0" Duration="0:0:8" BeginTime="0:0:2" Completed="DoubleAnimationCompleted"/>
                </Storyboard>
            </BeginStoryboard>
        </EventTrigger>

    </Grid.Triggers>

    <Grid.RenderTransform>
        <ScaleTransform ScaleY="1" />
    </Grid.RenderTransform>
</Grid>

后面的代码

public partial class NotificationWindow : Window
{
    public NotificationWindow()
        : base()
    {
        this.InitializeComponent();
        this.Closed += this.NotificationWindowClosed;
    }

    public new void Show()
    {
        this.Topmost = true;
        base.Show();

        this.Owner = System.Windows.Application.Current.MainWindow;
        this.Closed += this.NotificationWindowClosed;
        var workingArea = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea;

        this.Left = workingArea.Right - this.ActualWidth;
        double top = workingArea.Bottom - this.ActualHeight;

        foreach (Window window in System.Windows.Application.Current.Windows)
        {                
            string windowName = window.GetType().Name;

            if (windowName.Equals("NotificationWindow") && window != this)
            {
                window.Topmost = true;
                top = window.Top - window.ActualHeight;
            }
        }

        this.Top = top;
    }
    private void ImageMouseUp(object sender, 
        System.Windows.Input.MouseButtonEventArgs e)
    {
        this.Close();
    }

    private void DoubleAnimationCompleted(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (!this.IsMouseOver)
        {
            this.Close();
        }
    }
}

来自ViewModel的调用:

    private void ShowNotificationExecute()
    {
        App.Current.Dispatcher.Invoke(DispatcherPriority.Normal, new Action(
            () =>
            {
                var notify = new NotificationWindow();
                notify.Show();
            }));
    }

XAML中引用的样式:

     <Style x:Key="LinkButton" TargetType="Button">
        <Setter Property="Template">
            <Setter.Value>
                <ControlTemplate TargetType="Button">
                    <TextBlock>
                        <ContentPresenter />
                    </TextBlock>
                </ControlTemplate>
            </Setter.Value>
        </Setter>
        <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="Blue"/>
        <Setter Property="Cursor" Value="Hand"/>
        <Style.Triggers>
            <Trigger Property="IsMouseOver" Value="True">
                <Setter Property="ContentTemplate">
                    <Setter.Value>
                        <DataTemplate>
                            <TextBlock TextDecorations="Underline" Text="{TemplateBinding Content}"/>
                        </DataTemplate>
                    </Setter.Value>
                </Setter>
            </Trigger>
        </Style.Triggers>
    </Style>

    <LinearGradientBrush x:Key="GradientBackground" EndPoint="0.504,1.5" StartPoint="0.504,0.03">
        <GradientStop Color="#FFFDD5A7" Offset="0"/>
        <GradientStop Color="#FFFCE79F" Offset="0.567"/>
    </LinearGradientBrush>

更新: 当窗体关闭以“除去”其他窗口时,我添加了这个事件处理程序。

    private void NotificationWindowClosed(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        foreach (Window window in System.Windows.Application.Current.Windows)
        {
            string windowName = window.GetType().Name;

            if (windowName.Equals("NotificationWindow") && window != this)
            {
                // Adjust any windows that were above this one to drop down
                if (window.Top < this.Top)
                {
                    window.Top = window.Top + this.ActualHeight;
                }
            }
        }
    }

public partial class NotificationWindow : Window
{
    DispatcherTimer timer = new System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherTimer();
    public NotificationWindow()
        : base()
    {
        this.InitializeComponent();

        Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(DispatcherPriority.ApplicationIdle, new Action(() =>
        {
            var workingArea = System.Windows.Forms.Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea;
            var transform = PresentationSource.FromVisual(this).CompositionTarget.TransformFromDevice;
            var corner = transform.Transform(new Point(workingArea.Right, workingArea.Bottom));

            this.Left = corner.X - this.ActualWidth;
            this.Top = corner.Y - this.ActualHeight;
        }));
        timer.Interval = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(4d);
        timer.Tick += new EventHandler(timer_Tick);
    }
    public new void Show()
    {
        base.Show();
        timer.Start();
    }

    void timer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        //set default result if necessary

        timer.Stop();
        this.Close();
    }

}

以上代码是经过改进的@ray Burns方法版本。添加了时间间隔代码。这样通知窗口将在4秒后关闭。

将窗口称为,

NotificationWindow nfw = new NotificationWindow();
nfw.Show();

NotifyIcon notifyIcon = new NotifyIcon();
Stream iconStream = System.Windows.Application.GetResourceStream(new Uri("pack://application:,,,/Assets/ic_instant_note_tray.ico")).Stream;
notifyIcon.Icon = new System.Drawing.Icon(iconStream);
notifyIcon.Text = string.Format(Properties.Resources.InstantNoteAppName, Constants.Application_Name);
notifyIcon.Visible = true;
notifyIcon.ShowBalloonTip(5000, "tooltiptitle", "tipMessage", ToolTipIcon.Info);
notifyIcon.Visible = false;
notifyIcon.Dispose();

请注意,调用线程必须是STA,因为许多UI组件都需要这样做,同时在System.Timers.Timer Elapsed事件下写入以下代码

Window1 notifyWin = new Window1();
bool? isOpen = notifyWin.ShowDialog();
if (isOpen != null && isOpen == true)
{
     notifyWin.Close();
}
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1000);
notifyWin.ShowDialog();

在Window1构造函数下:

public Window1()
{
    InitializeComponent();

    Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(DispatcherPriority.ApplicationIdle, new Action(() => { 
        var workingArea = System.Windows.Forms.Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea; 
        var transform = PresentationSource.FromVisual(this).CompositionTarget.TransformFromDevice; 
        var corner = transform.Transform(new Point(workingArea.Right, workingArea.Bottom)); 
        this.Left = corner.X - this.ActualWidth - 100; 
        this.Top = corner.Y - this.ActualHeight; 
    })); 
}

我使用上面的答案来设计我自己的通知窗口,在我看来,它对用户更友好,并且使用了一些花了我一点时间来弄清楚的技术。分享以防它帮助其他人。

1. 添加了mouseenter事件触发器,可以立即将窗口不透明度设置为1,这样用户就不必等待窗口淡入完整视图。
2. 添加了mouseleave事件触发器,当用户将鼠标移出窗口时,将窗口不透明度淡入0。
3. 添加了mouseup(鼠标单击)事件触发器以立即将窗口不透明度设置为0以隐藏通知窗口。
4. 如果您必须多次显示()和隐藏()通知窗口,那么下面的方法还会在结尾处重置故事板,以便下一个show()操作从一开始就启动操作,并且动画中没有任何问题。

XAML:

<Window
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    x:Class="ToastNotificationWindow"
    Title="Notification Popup"
    Width="480"
    Height="140"
    WindowStyle="None"
    AllowsTransparency="True"
    Background="Transparent"
    BorderThickness="0"
    Topmost="True"
>


    <Grid Background="Transparent" Name="ToastWindowGrid" RenderTransformOrigin="0,1">

        <Border Name="ToastWindowBorder" BorderThickness="0" Background="#333333">

            <StackPanel Name="ToastWindowStackPanel" Margin="10" Orientation="Horizontal">

                <Image Name="ToastLogo" Width="100" Height="100" Source="D:\Development\ToastNotification\resources\Logo-x100.png"/>

                <StackPanel Name="ToastMessageStackPanel" Width="359">

                    <TextBox Name="ToastTitleTextBox" Margin="5" MaxWidth="340" Background="#333333" BorderThickness="0" IsReadOnly="True" Foreground="White" FontSize="20" Text="Toast Title" FontWeight="Bold" HorizontalContentAlignment="Center" Width="Auto" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" IsHitTestVisible="False"/>

                    <TextBox Name="ToastMessageTextBox" Margin="5" MaxWidth="340" Background="#333333" BorderThickness="0" IsReadOnly="True" Foreground="LightGray" FontSize="16" Text="Toast title message. Click to start something." HorizontalContentAlignment="Left" TextWrapping="Wrap" IsHitTestVisible="False"/>

                </StackPanel>

            </StackPanel>

        </Border>

        <Grid.Triggers>

            <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="FrameworkElement.Loaded">
                <EventTrigger.Actions>
                    <BeginStoryboard Name="StoryboardLoad">
                        <Storyboard Name="ToastAnimationStoryboard">
                            <DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.RenderTransform).(ScaleTransform.ScaleY)" FillBehavior="HoldEnd">
                                <SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0" Value="0"/>
                                <SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="1"/>
                            </DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                            <DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.Opacity)" FillBehavior="HoldEnd">
                                <SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0" Value="0"/>
                                <SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="1"/>
                            </DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                            <DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.Opacity)" FillBehavior="HoldEnd">
                                <SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:20" Value="1"/>
                                <SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:23" Value="0"/>
                            </DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                        </Storyboard>
                    </BeginStoryboard>
                </EventTrigger.Actions>
            </EventTrigger>

            <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="Mouse.MouseEnter">
                <EventTrigger.Actions>
                    <StopStoryboard BeginStoryboardName="StoryboardMouseLeaveFadeOut"/>
                    <BeginStoryboard Name="StoryboardMouseEnterFadeIn">
                        <Storyboard Name="ToastAnimationStoryboardMouseEnterFadeIn">
                            <DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.Opacity)" FillBehavior="HoldEnd">
                                <DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.1" Value="1"/>
                            </DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                        </Storyboard>
                    </BeginStoryboard>
                </EventTrigger.Actions>
            </EventTrigger>

            <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="Mouse.MouseLeave">
                <EventTrigger.Actions>
                    <RemoveStoryboard BeginStoryboardName="StoryboardMouseLeaveFadeOut"/>
                    <BeginStoryboard Name="StoryboardMouseLeaveFadeOut">
                        <Storyboard Name="ToastAnimationStoryboardMouseLeaveFadeOut">
                            <DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.Opacity)" FillBehavior="HoldEnd">
                                <SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0" Value="1"/>
                                <SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:3" Value="0"/>
                            </DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                        </Storyboard>
                    </BeginStoryboard>
                </EventTrigger.Actions>
            </EventTrigger>

            <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="Mouse.MouseUp">
                <EventTrigger.Actions>
                    <StopStoryboard BeginStoryboardName="StoryboardMouseEnterFadeIn"/>
                    <RemoveStoryboard BeginStoryboardName="StoryboardMouseEnterFadeIn"/>
                    <StopStoryboard BeginStoryboardName="StoryboardMouseLeaveFadeOut"/>
                    <RemoveStoryboard BeginStoryboardName="StoryboardMouseLeaveFadeOut"/>
                    <BeginStoryboard Name="StoryboardMouseClickFadeOut">
                        <Storyboard Name="ToastAnimationStoryboardMouseClickFadeOut">
                            <DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(UIElement.Opacity)" FillBehavior="HoldEnd">
                                <DiscreteDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.1" Value="0"/>
                            </DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
                        </Storyboard>
                    </BeginStoryboard>
                    <SeekStoryboard BeginStoryboardName="StoryboardLoad"/>
                    <PauseStoryboard BeginStoryboardName="StoryboardLoad"/>
                    </EventTrigger.Actions>
            </EventTrigger>
        </Grid.Triggers>

        <Grid.RenderTransform>
            <ScaleTransform ScaleY="1" />
        </Grid.RenderTransform>

    </Grid>

</Window>

代码落后:

using System;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Threading;

public partial class ToastNotificationWindow
{
    public ToastNotificationWindow()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(DispatcherPriority.ApplicationIdle, new Action(() =>
        {
            var workingArea = System.Windows.SystemParameters.WorkArea;
            var transform = PresentationSource.FromVisual(this).CompositionTarget.TransformFromDevice;
            var corner = transform.Transform(new Point(workingArea.Right, workingArea.Bottom));

            this.Left = corner.X - this.ActualWidth - 10;
            this.Top = corner.Y - this.ActualHeight;
        }));
    }
}