Python中私有名称损坏的好处是什么?

这部分是为了防止意外 属性访问。下面是一个例子:

class YourClass:
    def __init__(self):
        self.__thing = 1           # Your private member, not part of your API

在我从库类继承的代码中:

class MyClass(YourClass):
    def __init__(self):
        # ...
        self.__thing = "My thing"  # My private member; the name is a coincidence

如果没有私人名字的损坏,我偶然重复使用你的名字会破坏你的图书馆。

从 PEP 8 :

如果子类无意中包含同名属性,这有助于避免属性名冲突。

(着重强调)

前面所有的答案都是正确的,但这里有一个例子说明另一个原因。python中需要名称混乱,因为要避免重写属性可能导致的问题。换句话说,为了重写,Python解释器必须能够为子方法和父方法构建不同的id,并使用uuu(双下划线)使Python能够这样做。在下面的示例中,如果没有yu help,此代码将无法工作。

class Parent:
    def __init__(self):
       self.__help("will take child to school")
    def help(self, activities):
        print("parent",activities)

    __help = help   # private copy of original help() method

class Child(Parent):
    def help(self, activities, days):   # notice this has 3 arguments and overrides the Parent.help()
        self.activities = activities
        self.days = days
        print ("child will do",self.activities, self.days)


# the goal was to extend and override the Parent class to list the child activities too
print ("list parent & child responsibilities")
c = Child()
c.help("laundry","Saturdays")

名称混乱是为了防止意外的外部属性访问。主要是为了确保没有名字冲突。