代码之家 › 专栏 › 技术社区 › Max Cuttins

php json_encode()正在获取“格式错误的utf-8字符,可能编码不正确”(错误)

utf-8 php

Max Cuttins · 技术社区 · 6 年前

我解决不了这个问题,我快疯了。

JSON_encode() 正在投射错误: Malformed UTF-8 characters, possibly incorrectly encoded 在几条记录(2或3)从一组10公里的记录。然而,这似乎很难解决。

mysql已经在任何地方都是utf8mb4(数据库、表、列和排序规则)
php是7.2,当然是utf8
apache默认字符集是utf8(但是错误是在php级别抛出的)。

我还可以在一个简单的html调试页面中打印并正确地筛选php中的记录。但是,如果我尝试用json编码它,就会得到错误。

我发现这些记录是从一个cvs导入的,可能绕过了清洁器。奇怪的是,整个csv文件都是用以下语句解析的:

$this->encoding = mb_detect_encoding($source,mb_detect_order(),true);
if ($this->encoding!="" && $this->encoding!="UTF8") {
    $source = iconv($this->encoding, "UTF-8", $source);
}

由于隐私(和gdpr),我不能发布任何完整的损坏数据。然而,我成功地提取出了一个看似破碎的部分:

RESIDENCE ï¿½PRINCIPE

更新

我试着得到这些坏字符的比特码。这就是我发现的。在ascii中使用简单的本机函数 str_split 和 ord 这些字符是:

'ï¿½' 160

我还想在utf8中找到位代码,所以我在php.net上找到了这个有用的函数 http://php.net/manual/en/function.ord.php#109812 它试图找到multibytestrings的位码。它给了我:

-2096

也就是……消极的?

2 回复 | 直到 6 年前

Max Cuttins 6 年前

解决了的!

问题出在职能部门 mb_detect_order() ,这个函数并不像我所期望的那样工作。我认为这是一个完整的支持编码顺序列表,主要用于加快检测过程。

但我发现这个函数只返回2个编码:

//print_r(mb_detect_order());
Array
(
    [0] => ASCII
    [1] => UTF-8
)

这对我来说几乎毫无用处。 mb函数可以检测更多的字符集。你可以跑去看看 mb_list_encodings()

//print_r(mb_list_encodings());
Array
(
    [0] => pass
    [1] => auto
    [2] => wchar
    [3] => byte2be
    [4] => byte2le
    [5] => byte4be
    [6] => byte4le
    [7] => BASE64
    [8] => UUENCODE
    [9] => HTML-ENTITIES
    [10] => Quoted-Printable
    [11] => 7bit
    [12] => 8bit
    [13] => UCS-4
    [14] => UCS-4BE
    [15] => UCS-4LE
    [16] => UCS-2
    [17] => UCS-2BE
    [18] => UCS-2LE
    [19] => UTF-32
    [20] => UTF-32BE
    [21] => UTF-32LE
    [22] => UTF-16
    [23] => UTF-16BE
    [24] => UTF-16LE
    [25] => UTF-8
    [26] => UTF-7
    [27] => UTF7-IMAP
    [28] => ASCII
    [29] => EUC-JP
    [30] => SJIS
    [31] => eucJP-win
    [32] => EUC-JP-2004
    [33] => SJIS-win
    [34] => SJIS-Mobile#DOCOMO
    [35] => SJIS-Mobile#KDDI
    [36] => SJIS-Mobile#SOFTBANK
    [37] => SJIS-mac
    [38] => SJIS-2004
    [39] => UTF-8-Mobile#DOCOMO
    [40] => UTF-8-Mobile#KDDI-A
    [41] => UTF-8-Mobile#KDDI-B
    [42] => UTF-8-Mobile#SOFTBANK
    [43] => CP932
    [44] => CP51932
    [45] => JIS
    [46] => ISO-2022-JP
    [47] => ISO-2022-JP-MS
    [48] => GB18030
    [49] => Windows-1252
    [50] => Windows-1254
    [51] => ISO-8859-1
    [52] => ISO-8859-2
    [53] => ISO-8859-3
    [54] => ISO-8859-4
    [55] => ISO-8859-5
    [56] => ISO-8859-6
    [57] => ISO-8859-7
    [58] => ISO-8859-8
    [59] => ISO-8859-9
    [60] => ISO-8859-10
    [61] => ISO-8859-13
    [62] => ISO-8859-14
    [63] => ISO-8859-15
    [64] => ISO-8859-16
    [65] => EUC-CN
    [66] => CP936
    [67] => HZ
    [68] => EUC-TW
    [69] => BIG-5
    [70] => CP950
    [71] => EUC-KR
    [72] => UHC
    [73] => ISO-2022-KR
    [74] => Windows-1251
    [75] => CP866
    [76] => KOI8-R
    [77] => KOI8-U
    [78] => ArmSCII-8
    [79] => CP850
    [80] => JIS-ms
    [81] => ISO-2022-JP-2004
    [82] => ISO-2022-JP-MOBILE#KDDI
    [83] => CP50220
    [84] => CP50220raw
    [85] => CP50221
    [86] => CP50222
)

我错了,以为 mb_detect_order 只是这个列表的一个有序版本。这个 mb_检测顺序 只是…没用。要以正确的方式使用UTF8编码,请使用以下代码:

$my_encoding_list = [
    "UTF-8",
    "UTF-7",
    "UTF-16",
    "UTF-32",
    "ISO-8859-16",
    "ISO-8859-15",
    "ISO-8859-10",
    "ISO-8859-1",
    "Windows-1254",
    "Windows-1252",
    "Windows-1251",
    "ASCII",
    //add yours preferred
];

//remove unsupported encodings
$encoding_list = array_intersect($my_encoding_list, mb_list_encodings());

//detect 'finally' the encoding
$this->encoding = mb_detect_encoding($source,$encoding_list,true);

这有效地解决了我在数据库中保存坏数据的问题。

fxbt 6 年前

您可以使用 UTF-8//IGNORE 你的内裤 iconv 方法。

$this->encoding = mb_detect_encoding($source,mb_detect_order(),true);

if ($this->encoding!="" && $this->encoding!="UTF8") {
    $source = iconv($this->encoding, "UTF-8//IGNORE", $source);
}

通过使用 //IGNORE 在您的字符集之后,目标字符集中无法表示的每个字符都将被自动丢弃。