虽然导入了python模块的包,但访问它失败

我的Django项目的目录层次结构如下:

+ pybsd
|---+ devices
    |---+ templates
    |---+ views
        |---+ interaction
            |---- __init__.py
            |---- geraete.py
            |---- geraetemodelle.py
            |---- geraetegruppen.py
        |---- __init__.py
        |---- ajax.py
        |---- html.py
        |---- misc.py
    |---- __init__.py
    |---- urls.py
|---- __init__.py
|---- urls.py

(请原谅德国人的名字。我不想在这里替换它们,因为它会在尝试您希望建议的解决方案和回答您的问题时添加另一个可能的错误源。)

每个请求 http://URL/devices/ *发送到/devices中的urls.py文件:

# ...
from views import html, ajax, misc, interaction

urlpatterns = patterns('', 
    # ...
    (r'^ajax/update/(?P<table>[a-z_]+)$', ajax.update),
    (r'^ajax/delete/(?P<table>[a-z_]+)$', ajax.delete),
    (r'^ajax/select_options/(?P<table>[a-z_]+)$', ajax.select_options),

    (r'^interaction/geraete/info/(?P<geraet>\d+)$', interaction.geraete.info),
    (r'^interaction/geraete/delete/(?P<geraet>\d+)?$', interaction.geraete.delete),
    (r'^interaction/geraetemodelle/delete/(?P<geraetemodell>\d+)?$', interaction.geraetemodelle.delete),
    (r'^interaction/geraetegruppen/delete/(?P<geraetegruppe>\d+)?$', interaction.geraetegruppen.delete),
    # ...
)

除了引用交互包的定义外,所有URL定义都可以工作。我不断地得到以下错误:

File "/home/simon/projekte/pybsd/../pybsd/devices/urls.py", line 33, in `<module>`
  (r'^interaction/geraete/info/(?P<geraet>\d+)$', interaction.geraete.info),
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'geraete'

我仔细检查了一下 __init__.py 文件不包含任何内容。

也许你已经找到了(与python或django相关的?)我犯了错误,显然看不见。如果没有,请继续阅读。无论如何,感谢你阅读这篇长文章!

隔离问题

第一试验

如果我将视图函数作为字符串提供,它就会工作:

(r'^interaction/geraete/info/(?P<geraet>\d+)$', 'devices.views.interaction.geraete.info'),
(r'^interaction/geraete/delete/(?P<geraet>\d+)?$', 'devices.views.interaction.geraete.delete'),
(r'^interaction/geraetemodelle/delete/(?P<geraetemodell>\d+)?$', 'devices.views.interaction.geraetemodelle.delete'),
(r'^interaction/geraetegruppen/delete/(?P<geraetegruppe>\d+)?$', 'devices.views.interaction.geraetegruppen.delete'),

…或者在导入中添加另一行:

from views.interaction import geraete, geraetemodelle, geraetegruppen

使用 from views.interaction import * 但是,也不起作用,导致相同的错误消息。

第二试验

我在/devices中创建了一个文件test.py:

from views import interaction
print dir(interaction)

输出:

simon@bsd-simon:~/projekte/pybsd/devices$ python test.py
['__builtins__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__name__', '__package__', '__path__']

同样,我在交互包中创建的模块没有任何迹象(geraete.py、geraetemodelle.py、geraetegruppen.py)。

与urls.py不同,尝试 from view.interaction import geraete, geraetegruppen, geraetemodelle 在test.py结果中 ImportError: No module named view.interaction 这次。

第三试验

我启动了Django Shell:

$ python manage.py shell
>>> import devices.views.interaction.geraete
>>> dir(devices.views.interaction.geraete)
['Abteilung', 'Auftrag', 'Auftragsvorlage', 'Geraet', 'Geraetegruppe', 'Geraetemodell', 'HttpResponse', 'HttpResponseBadRequest', 'HttpResponseRedirect', 'Raum', 'Standort', '__builtins__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__name__', '__package__', 'delete', 'info', 'models', 'move', 'render_to_response']
>>> 

$ python manage.py shell
>>> from devices.views.interaction import geraete
>>> dir(geraete)
['Abteilung', 'Auftrag', 'Auftragsvorlage', 'Geraet', 'Geraetegruppe', 'Geraetemodell', 'HttpResponse', 'HttpResponseBadRequest', 'HttpResponseRedirect', 'Raum', 'Standort', '__builtins__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__name__', '__package__', 'delete', 'info', 'models', 'move', 'render_to_response']
>>> 

$ python manage.py shell
>>> import devices.views.interaction
>>> devices.views.interaction.geraete
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<console>", line 1, in <module>
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'geraete'
>>> dir(devices.views.interaction)
['__builtins__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__name__', '__package__', '__path__']