如何通过GSS-API获取Kerberos服务票证?

我对拿到服务票的理解是错误的。我不需要从服务获取凭据-这在客户端上是不可能的,因为客户端确实没有服务器的TGT,因此没有获取服务凭据的权限。 这里缺少的只是创建一个新的gsscontext并初始化它。如果我理解正确的话,这个方法的返回值包含服务票据。下面是一个工作代码示例。它必须代表已登录的主题在privilegedAction中运行:

    GSSManager manager = GSSManager.getInstance();
    GSSName clientName = manager.createName("clientUser", GSSName.NT_USER_NAME);
    GSSCredential clientCred = manager.createCredential(clientName,
                                                        8 * 3600,
                                                        createKerberosOid(),
                                                        GSSCredential.INITIATE_ONLY);

    GSSName serverName = manager.createName("http@server", GSSName.NT_HOSTBASED_SERVICE);

    GSSContext context = manager.createContext(serverName,
                                               createKerberosOid(),
                                               clientCred,
                                               GSSContext.DEFAULT_LIFETIME);
    context.requestMutualAuth(true);
    context.requestConf(false);
    context.requestInteg(true);

    byte[] outToken = context.initSecContext(new byte[0], 0, 0);
    System.out.println(new BASE64Encoder().encode(outToken));
    context.dispose();

outtoken包含服务票据。然而,这不是GSS-API的使用方式。它的目标是将这些细节隐藏到代码中,因此最好在两边使用GSS-API建立GSSContext。否则,由于潜在的安全漏洞,您真的应该知道自己在做什么。 有关更多信息,请阅读 Sun SSO tutorial with kerberos 比我更小心。

编辑: 忘了我用的是带SP2的Windows XP。这个版本的Windows中有一个新的“功能”,不允许在Windows RAM中使用TGT。您必须编辑注册表才能允许这样做。有关更多信息,请查看 JGSS Troubleshooting page 主题:如果您遇到“krbexception:kdc不支持加密类型(14)”,就像我所做的那样。

我在使用这段代码时遇到了很多问题,但至少我有一个解决方案。我把它贴在这里,也许会对你们中的一些人有所帮助…

/**
 * Tool to retrieve a kerberos ticket. This one will not be stored in the windows ticket cache.
 */
public final class KerberosTicketRetriever
{
    private final static Oid KERB_V5_OID;
    private final static Oid KRB5_PRINCIPAL_NAME_OID;

    static {
        try
        {
            KERB_V5_OID = new Oid("1.2.840.113554.1.2.2");
            KRB5_PRINCIPAL_NAME_OID = new Oid("1.2.840.113554.1.2.2.1");

        } catch (final GSSException ex)
        {
            throw new Error(ex);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Not to be instanciated
     */
    private KerberosTicketRetriever() {};

    /**
     *
     */
    private static class TicketCreatorAction implements PrivilegedAction
    {
        final String userPrincipal;
        final String applicationPrincipal;

        private StringBuffer outputBuffer;

        /**
         *
         * @param userPrincipal  p.ex. <tt>MuelleHA@MYFIRM.COM</tt>
         * @param applicationPrincipal  p.ex. <tt>HTTP/webserver.myfirm.com</tt>
         */
        private TicketCreatorAction(final String userPrincipal, final String applicationPrincipal)
        {
            this.userPrincipal = userPrincipal;
            this.applicationPrincipal = applicationPrincipal;
        }

        private void setOutputBuffer(final StringBuffer newOutputBuffer)
        {
            outputBuffer = newOutputBuffer;
        }

        /**
         * Only calls {@link #createTicket()}
         * @return <tt>null</tt>
         */
        public Object run()
        {
            try
            {
                createTicket();
            }
            catch (final GSSException  ex)
            {
                throw new Error(ex);
            }

            return null;
        }

        /**
         *
         * @throws GSSException
         */
        private void createTicket () throws GSSException
        {
            final GSSManager manager = GSSManager.getInstance();
            final GSSName clientName = manager.createName(userPrincipal, KRB5_PRINCIPAL_NAME_OID);
            final GSSCredential clientCred = manager.createCredential(clientName,
                    8 * 3600,
                    KERB_V5_OID,
                    GSSCredential.INITIATE_ONLY);

            final GSSName serverName = manager.createName(applicationPrincipal, KRB5_PRINCIPAL_NAME_OID);

            final GSSContext context = manager.createContext(serverName,
                    KERB_V5_OID,
                    clientCred,
                    GSSContext.DEFAULT_LIFETIME);
            context.requestMutualAuth(true);
            context.requestConf(false);
            context.requestInteg(true);

            final byte[] outToken = context.initSecContext(new byte[0], 0, 0);

            if (outputBuffer !=null)
            {
                outputBuffer.append(String.format("Src Name: %s\n", context.getSrcName()));
                outputBuffer.append(String.format("Target  : %s\n", context.getTargName()));
                outputBuffer.append(new BASE64Encoder().encode(outToken));
                outputBuffer.append("\n");
            }

            context.dispose();
        }
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param realm p.ex. <tt>MYFIRM.COM</tt>
     * @param kdc p.ex. <tt>kerbserver.myfirm.com</tt>
     * @param applicationPrincipal   cf. {@link #TicketCreatorAction(String, String)}
     * @throws GSSException
     * @throws LoginException
     */
    static public String retrieveTicket(
            final String realm,
            final String kdc,
            final String applicationPrincipal)
    throws GSSException, LoginException
    {

        // create the jass-config-file
        final File jaasConfFile;
        try
        {
            jaasConfFile = File.createTempFile("jaas.conf", null);
            final PrintStream bos = new PrintStream(new FileOutputStream(jaasConfFile));
            bos.print(String.format(
                    "Krb5LoginContext { com.sun.security.auth.module.Krb5LoginModule required refreshKrb5Config=true useTicketCache=true debug=true ; };"
            ));
            bos.close();
            jaasConfFile.deleteOnExit();
        }
        catch (final IOException ex)
        {
            throw new IOError(ex);
        }

        // set the properties
        System.setProperty("java.security.krb5.realm", realm);
        System.setProperty("java.security.krb5.kdc", kdc);
        System.setProperty("java.security.auth.login.config",jaasConfFile.getAbsolutePath());

        // get the Subject(), i.e. the current user under Windows
        final Subject subject = new Subject();
        final LoginContext lc = new LoginContext("Krb5LoginContext", subject, new DialogCallbackHandler());
        lc.login();

        // extract our principal
        final Set<Principal> principalSet = subject.getPrincipals();
        if (principalSet.size() != 1)
            throw new AssertionError("No or several principals: " + principalSet);
        final Principal userPrincipal = principalSet.iterator().next();

        // now try to execute the SampleAction as the authenticated Subject
        // action.run() without doAsPrivileged leads to
        //   No valid credentials provided (Mechanism level: Failed to find any Kerberos tgt)
        final TicketCreatorAction action = new TicketCreatorAction(userPrincipal.getName(), applicationPrincipal);
        final StringBuffer outputBuffer = new StringBuffer();
        action.setOutputBuffer(outputBuffer);
        Subject.doAsPrivileged(lc.getSubject(), action, null);

        return outputBuffer.toString();
    }

    public static void main (final String args[]) throws Throwable
    {
        final String ticket = retrieveTicket("MYFIRM.COM", "kerbserver", "HTTP/webserver.myfirm.com");
        System.out.println(ticket);
    }
}