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Awk:将输出附加到现有文件中的新字段

field append printing awk

Johanna Blomqvist · 技术社区 · 7 年前

我对awk很陌生(所以我的术语可能不正确,很抱歉!)我正在尝试将一个脚本的输出打印到同一个文件中,在不同的字段中,该脚本将对几百个文件进行操作。

例如,我的数据文件具有以下结构:

#File1
1
Values, 2, Hanna
20
15
Values, 2, Josh
30 
56
Values, 2, Anna
50
70

#File2
2
Values, 2, Hanna
45
60
Values, 2, Josh
98 
63
Values, 2, Anna
10
56

我有几个这样的文件,它们被编号的月份分割,名称相同,但值不同。我希望文件以人名命名,字段中的值按月命名,如下所示:

#Hanna
20 45
15 60

#Josh
30 98
56 63

#Anna
50 10
70 56

在我的脚本中,我搜索单词“values”,并确定要打印哪些记录(基于“value”后面的数字)。这个很好用。然后我想打印这些值。它适用于一个文件,使用以下命令:

Print $0 > name

这将创建三个正确命名为“Hanna”、“Josh”和“Anna”的文件及其值。然而,我想为我的所有数据文件运行脚本,并将它们附加到一个新字段中的一个“Hanna”-文件等。

print $0 > $month name ,读取类似“将记录打印到与月份对应的字段”

提前谢谢!

1 回复 | 直到 7 年前

RavinderSingh13 Nikita Bakshi 7 年前

尽管我并没有检查所有的排列和组合,只考虑了你们的帖子,但请尝试下面的内容。此外,您的输出Josh列也不一致(或者请务必让我们知道是否有更多条件也相同)。那就告诉我进展如何。

awk 'FNR==NR{if($0 ~ /^Values/){Q=$NF;B[$NF]=$NF;i="";next};A[Q,++i]=$0;next} /^Values/{V=$NF;print "#"B[V];i="";next} B[V]{print A[V,++i],$0}' file1 file2

编辑: 还添加了非线性形式的解决方案。

awk 'FNR==NR{
                if($0 ~ /^Values/){
                                        Q=$NF;
                                        B[$NF]=$NF;
                                        i="";
                                        next
                                  };
                A[Q,++i]=$0;
                next
            }
     /^Values/{
                V=$NF;
                print "#"B[V];
                i="";
                next
              }
     B[V]{
                print A[V,++i],$0
         }
    ' file1 file2

编辑2: 现在也为同样的问题添加了解释。

awk 'FNR==NR{                                      ###Checking condition FNR==NR where this condition will be TRUE only when first file named file1 is being read. FNR and NR both indicate number of lines in a Input_file, only difference between them is FNR value will be RESET whenever there is next Input_file is being read and NR value will be keep on incresing till all the Input_files are read.
                if($0 ~ /^Values/){                ###Checking here if any line starts from string Values if yes then perform following operations.
                                        Q=$NF;     ###Creating a variable named Q whose value is the last field of the line.
                                        B[$NF]=$NF;###Creating an array named B whose index is $NF(last field of the line) and value is same too.
                                        i="";      ###Making variable i value to NULL now.
                                        next       ###using next here, it is built-in keyword for awk and it will skip all further statements now.
                                  };
                A[Q,++i]=$0;                       ###Creating an array named A whose index is Q and variable i with increasing value with 1 to it, each time it comes on this statement.
                next                               ###Using next will skip all further statements now.
            }
     /^Values/{                                    ###All statements from here will be executed when second file named file2 is being read. So I am checking here if a line starts from string Values then do following.
                V=$NF;                             ###create variable V whose value is $NF of current line.
                print "#"B[V];                     ###printing the string # then value of array B whose index is variable V.
                i="";                              ###Nullifying the variable i value here.
                next                               ###next will sip all the further statements now.
              }
     B[V]{                                         ###Checking here if array B with index V is having a value in it, then perform following on it too.
                print A[V,++i],$0                  ###printing the value of array A whose index is variable V and variable i increasing value with 1 and current line.
         }
    ' file1 file2                                  ###Mentioning the Input_files here named file1 and file2.