二维关联数组Unix脚本。如何迭代?

我不希望你接受这一点,因为它不能回答你的问题。然而,作为一个例子,这是在python中实现这一点的一种方法。在python中,关联数组称为“字典”,索引数组称为“列表”。

#!/usr/bin/python
# Create an empty dictionary
x_matrix = {}

# Populate each key with a value of an empty dictionary
x_matrix['ele1'] = {}
x_matrix['ele2'] = {}
x_matrix['ele3'] = {}

# Add values to each dictionary
x_matrix['ele1']['sub1'] = "asdfadf"
x_matrix['ele2']['sub3'] = "blabla"
x_matrix['ele1']['sub2'] = "no matters"
x_matrix['ele3']['sub1'] = "opps"

# Create a list
elements = ['ele1', 'ele2', 'ele3']

# Iterate
for e in elements:
    for sub in x_matrix[e].keys():
        print("(%s,%s)> %s" % (e, sub, x_matrix[e][sub]))

给予:

(ele1,sub2)> no matters
(ele1,sub1)> asdfadf
(ele2,sub3)> blabla
(ele3,sub1)> opps

Pythonistas会找到比这更短的方法,但我想展示简单的步骤,并相对独立于版本(因此没有“f”字符串)。

你需要自己处理。例如(仅适用于示例数据):

[STEP 101] # cat foo.sh
declare -A x_matrix

x_matrix[ele1,sub1]="asdfadf"
x_matrix[ele2,sub3]="blabla"
x_matrix[ele1,sub2]="no matters"
x_matrix[ele3,sub1]="opps"

elements=(ele1 ele2 ele3)

sorted_keys=$( echo ${!x_matrix[@]} | tr ' ' '\n' | sort )

for ele in ${elements[@]}; do
    for k in ${sorted_keys[@]}; do
        if [[ $k == "$ele",* ]]; then
            echo "($k)> ${x_matrix[$k]}"
        fi
    done
done
[STEP 102] # bash foo.sh
(ele1,sub1)> asdfadf
(ele1,sub2)> no matters
(ele2,sub3)> blabla
(ele3,sub1)> opps
[STEP 103] #