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vacawama
6 年前
这是一个n维数组的实现。它在内部使用普通数组进行存储,并将多维索引转换为内部数组的单个索引。
struct NDimArray<T> {
let dimensions: [Int]
var data: [T]
init(dimensions: Int..., initialValue: T) {
self.dimensions = dimensions
data = Array(repeating: initialValue, count: dimensions.reduce(1, *))
}
init(dimensions: Int..., initUsing initializer: () -> T) {
self.dimensions = dimensions
data = (0 ..< dimensions.reduce(1, *)).map { _ in initializer() }
}
// Compute index into data from indices
private func computeIndex(_ indices: [Int]) -> Int {
guard indices.count == dimensions.count else { fatalError("Wrong number of indices: got \(indices.count), expected \(dimensions.count)") }
zip(dimensions, indices).forEach { dim, idx in
guard (0 ..< dim) ~= idx else { fatalError("Index out of range") }
}
var idx = indices
var dims = dimensions
var product = 1
var total = idx.removeLast()
while !idx.isEmpty {
product *= dims.removeLast()
total += (idx.removeLast() * product)
}
return total
}
subscript(_ indices: Int...) -> T {
get {
return data[computeIndex(indices)]
}
set {
data[computeIndex(indices)] = newValue
}
}
}
例子:
// Create a 3 x 4 x 5 array of String with initial value ""
var arr = NDimArray<String>(dimensions: 3, 4, 5, initialValue: "")
for x in 0 ..< 3 {
for y in 0 ..< 4 {
for z in 0 ..< 5 {
// Encode indices in the string
arr[x, y, z] = "(\(x),\(y),\(z))"
}
}
}
// Show internal storage of data
print(arr.data)
“(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1)”,“(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,“(0,1,1,1,1)”,“(0,1,2)”,“(0,1,1,2)”,“(0,1,3)”,“(0,1,4)”,“(0,1,0,2,0)”,“(0,2,2,2)”,“(0,2,3,3)”,“(0,0,0,0,0,0,1,“(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3)、“(0,3,4)”、“(1,0,0)”、“(1,0,1)”、“(1,0,2)”、“(1,0,3)”、“(1,0,4)”、“(1,1,0)”、“(1,1,1)”、“(1,1,2)”、“(1,1,3)”、“(1,1,4)”、“(1,2,0)”、“(1,2”,1)", "(1,2,2)", "(1,2,3)", "(1,2,4)", "(1,3,0)", "(1,3,1)", "(1,3,2)", "(1,3,3)", "(1,3,4)", "(2,0,0)", "(2,0,1)", "(2,0,2)", "(2,0,3)", "(2,0,4)", "(2,1,0)", "(2,1,1)", "(2,1,2)", "(2,1,3)", "(2,1,4)", "(2,2,0)", "(2,2,1)", "(2,2,2)", "(2,2,3)", "(2,2,4)", "(2,3,0)", "(2,3,1)", "(2,3,2)", "(2,3,3)", "(2,3,4)"]
print(arr[2, 2, 2]) // "(2,2,2)"
print(arr[3, 0, 0]) // Fatal error: Index out of range
print(arr[0, 4, 0]) // Fatal error: Index out of range
print(arr[2]) // Fatal error: Wrong number of indices: got 1, expected 3
使用引用类型初始化数组
正如@DuncanC在注释中所指出的,在使用引用类型的值初始化数组时必须小心,因为数组将充满对对象的引用,并且在任何索引处修改对象都将修改所有这些引用。
为了解决这个问题,我添加了第二个初始值设定项:
init(dimensions: Int..., initUsing initializer: () -> T)
就这样结束了
() -> T
它可用于为数组的每个元素创建新对象。
例如:
class Person {
var name = ""
}
// Pass a closure which creates a `Person` instance to fill the array
// with 25 person objects
let arr = NDimArray(dimensions: 5, 5, initUsing: { Person() })
arr[3, 3].name = "Fred"
arr[2, 2].name = "Wilma"
print(arr[3, 3].name, arr[2, 2].name)
弗雷德威尔玛
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