是否有与zsh的文件类型globbing等价的bash?

你可以试试

ls -ltrd */ #match directories using -d and the slash "/"

echo */

或

for dir in */
do
  ...
done

如果你需要递归的话,你有Bash 4+

$ shopt -s globstar
$ for dir in **/*/; do echo $dir; done

test 选项 -d 和 -f

for a in *; do
  if [ -d "$a" ]; then
    echo Directory: $a
  elif [ -f "$a" ]; then
    echo File: $a
  fi
done