如何将异常对象序列化为XML字符串

这取决于你想写多少代码。一个简单的方法是编写自己的对象并使用 XmlSerializer :

[XmlRoot("exception"), XmLType("exception")]
public class SerializableException {
    [XmlElement("message")]
    public string Message {get;set;}

    [XmlElement("innerException")]
    public SerializableException InnerException {get;set;}
}

只需将一个常规的异常映射到这里。但因为这很简单,也许吧 XmlWriter 足够好了…

public static string GetXmlString(this Exception exception)
{
    if (exception == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("exception");
    StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
    using (XmlWriter xw = XmlWriter.Create(sw))
    {
        WriteException(xw, "exception", exception);
    }
    return sw.ToString();
}
static void WriteException(XmlWriter writer, string name, Exception exception)
{
    if (exception == null) return;
    writer.WriteStartElement(name);
    writer.WriteElementString("message", exception.Message);
    writer.WriteElementString("source", exception.Source);
    WriteException(writer, "innerException", exception.InnerException);
    writer.WriteEndElement();
}

已经有人 wrote a blog entry about it

using System;  
using System.Collections;  
using System.Linq;  
using System.Xml.Linq;  

/// <summary>Represent an Exception as XML data.</summary>  
public class ExceptionXElement : XElement  
{  
    /// <summary>Create an instance of ExceptionXElement.</summary>  
    /// <param name="exception">The Exception to serialize.</param>  
    public ExceptionXElement(Exception exception)  
        : this(exception, false)  
    { }  

    /// <summary>Create an instance of ExceptionXElement.</summary>  
    /// <param name="exception">The Exception to serialize.</param>  
    /// <param name="omitStackTrace">  
    /// Whether or not to serialize the Exception.StackTrace member  
    /// if it's not null.  
    /// </param>  
    public ExceptionXElement(Exception exception, bool omitStackTrace)  
        : base(new Func<XElement>(() =>  
        {  
            // Validate arguments  

            if (exception == null)  
            {  
                throw new ArgumentNullException("exception");  
            }  

            // The root element is the Exception's type  

            XElement root = new XElement  
                (exception.GetType().ToString());  

            if (exception.Message != null)  
            {  
                root.Add(new XElement("Message", exception.Message));  
            }  

            // StackTrace can be null, e.g.:  
            // new ExceptionAsXml(new Exception())  

            if (!omitStackTrace && exception.StackTrace != null)  
            {  
                root.Add  
                (  
                    new XElement("StackTrace",  
                        from frame in exception.StackTrace.Split('\n')  
                        let prettierFrame = frame.Substring(6).Trim()  
                        select new XElement("Frame", prettierFrame))  
                );  
            }  

            // Data is never null; it's empty if there is no data  

            if (exception.Data.Count > 0)  
            {  
                root.Add  
                (  
                    new XElement("Data",  
                        from entry in  
                            exception.Data.Cast<DictionaryEntry>()  
                        let key = entry.Key.ToString()  
                        let value = (entry.Value == null) ?  
                            "null" : entry.Value.ToString()  
                        select new XElement(key, value))  
                );  
            }  

            // Add the InnerException if it exists  

            if (exception.InnerException != null)  
            {  
                root.Add  
                (  
                    new ExceptionXElement  
                        (exception.InnerException, omitStackTrace)  
                );  
            }  

            return root;  
        })())  
    { }  
}