如何在SQL Server中查找未索引的外键

SELECT  *
FROM    sys.foreign_keys fk
WHERE   EXISTS
        (
        SELECT  *
        FROM    sys.foreign_key_columns fkc
        WHERE   fkc.constraint_object_id = fk.object_id
                AND NOT EXISTS
                (
                SELECT  *
                FROM    sys.index_columns ic
                WHERE   ic.object_id = fkc.parent_object_id
                        AND ic.column_id = fkc.parent_column_id
                        AND ic.index_column_id = fkc.constraint_column_id
                )
        )

我没有 SQL Server 2000 方便,但你可能需要改变 sys.foreign_key 到 sysforeignkeys 等,如所述 here .

此查询选择所有外键,这些外键没有覆盖构成该键的所有列的索引。

这也支持多列外键。

但是,如果有一个包含所有列的复合索引,但它们不是该索引中最左边的列,则返回一个误报。

比如,如果有 FOREIGN KEY (col2, col3) 一个索引 (col1, col2, col3) ,这将返回存在一个索引,尽管此索引对此外键不可用。

下面是一个适用于SQL Server 2000的答案,由同事编写:

/*
Description:
    This script outputs a table with all the current database un-indexed foreign keys.

    The table has three columns ( TableName , ColumnName, ForeignKeyName ) 
    TableName: The table containing the un-indexed foreign key
    ColumnName: The foreign key column that’s not indexed 
    ForeignKeyName: Name of foreign key witch column doesn’t have an index 
    */
DECLARE 
    @TableName varchar(255),
    @ColumnName varchar(255),
    @ForeignKeyName sysname

SET NOCOUNT ON
SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ UNCOMMITTED

DECLARE FKColumns_cursor CURSOR Fast_Forward FOR
SELECT  cu.TABLE_NAME, cu.COLUMN_NAME, cu.CONSTRAINT_NAME
FROM    INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS ic 
    INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE cu ON ic.CONSTRAINT_NAME = cu.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE   ic.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY'

CREATE TABLE #temp1(    
    TableName varchar(255),
    ColumnName varchar(255),
    ForeignKeyName sysname
)

OPEN FKColumns_cursor  
FETCH NEXT FROM FKColumns_cursor INTO @TableName, @ColumnName, @ForeignKeyName

WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0  
BEGIN

    IF ( SELECT COUNT(*)
    FROM    sysobjects o    
        INNER JOIN sysindexes x ON x.id = o.id
        INNER JOIN  syscolumns c ON o.id = c.id 
        INNER JOIN sysindexkeys xk ON c.colid = xk.colid AND o.id = xk.id AND x.indid = xk.indid
    WHERE   o.type in ('U')
        AND xk.keyno <= x.keycnt
        AND permissions(o.id, c.name) <> 0
        AND (x.status&32) = 0
        AND o.name = @TableName
        AND c.name = @ColumnName
    ) = 0
    BEGIN
        INSERT INTO #temp1 SELECT @TableName, @ColumnName, @ForeignKeyName
    END


    FETCH NEXT FROM FKColumns_cursor INTO @TableName, @ColumnName, @ForeignKeyName
END  
CLOSE FKColumns_cursor  
DEALLOCATE FKColumns_cursor 

SELECT * FROM #temp1 ORDER BY TableName

基于上面的代码构建,以除去临时表并获取创建索引的脚本。

   /*
Description:

    */
DECLARE 
    @SchemaName varchar(255),
    @TableName varchar(255),
    @ColumnName varchar(255),
    @ForeignKeyName sysname

SET NOCOUNT ON
SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL READ UNCOMMITTED

DECLARE FKColumns_cursor CURSOR Fast_Forward FOR
SELECT  cu.TABLE_SCHEMA, cu.TABLE_NAME, cu.COLUMN_NAME, cu.CONSTRAINT_NAME
FROM    INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS ic 
    INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE cu ON ic.CONSTRAINT_NAME = cu.CONSTRAINT_NAME
WHERE   ic.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY'

CREATE TABLE #temp1(    
    SchemaName varchar(255),
    TableName varchar(255),
    ColumnName varchar(255),
    ForeignKeyName sysname
)

OPEN FKColumns_cursor  
FETCH NEXT FROM FKColumns_cursor INTO @SchemaName,@TableName, @ColumnName, @ForeignKeyName

WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0  
BEGIN

    IF ( SELECT COUNT(*)
    FROM        sysobjects o    
        INNER JOIN sysindexes x ON x.id = o.id
        INNER JOIN  syscolumns c ON o.id = c.id 
        INNER JOIN sysindexkeys xk ON c.colid = xk.colid AND o.id = xk.id AND x.indid = xk.indid
    WHERE       o.type in ('U')
        AND xk.keyno <= x.keycnt
        AND permissions(o.id, c.name) <> 0
        AND (x.status&32) = 0
        AND o.name = @TableName
        AND c.name = @ColumnName
    ) = 0
    BEGIN
        INSERT INTO #temp1 SELECT @SchemaName, @TableName, @ColumnName, @ForeignKeyName
    END


    FETCH NEXT FROM FKColumns_cursor INTO @SchemaName,@TableName, @ColumnName, @ForeignKeyName
END  
CLOSE FKColumns_cursor  
DEALLOCATE FKColumns_cursor 

SELECT 'CREATE INDEX IDX_' + ForeignKeyName + ' ON ' + SchemaName + '.' + TableName + '(' + ColumnName +')'
FROM #temp1 
ORDER BY TableName

drop table #temp1 

在我的岗位上 "SQL Script to create indexes for Foreign keys" 我将链接到两个实现: paul_nielsen 艾斯和 tklimczak's (login to sqlservercentral 是必需的)

首先:列出带有外键约束的列。这将有助于:

Query to get all foreign key constraints in SQL Server 2000

交叉比较 sysindexes 和 syscolumns 桌子; keys 字段在 西辛德克斯 有索引中所有键的列表。

注意:这是针对SQL Server 2005+的,但这是我找到的有关此主题的唯一问题。

--Finds foreign keys without indexes
--How to interpret:
--When we delete frpm PkTable, it checks FkColumn for the PkId we are deleting.
--So if FkTable doesn't have an index on FkColumn, then we cannot delete a row from PkTable because it is too slow.
SELECT  rt.name as PkTableName, rc.name as PkColumnName,
fk.name FkName, t.name as FkTableName, c.name as FkColumnName, ddps.row_count, i.name as IndexName
FROM    sys.foreign_key_columns fkc
inner join sys.foreign_keys fk on fkc.constraint_object_id = fk.object_id
inner join sys.tables t on fkc.parent_object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.columns c on fkc.parent_object_id = c.object_id and fkc.parent_column_id = c.column_id
inner join sys.tables rt on fkc.referenced_object_id = rt.object_id
inner join sys.columns rc on fkc.referenced_object_id = rc.object_id and fkc.referenced_column_id = rc.column_id
inner join sys.indexes ri on t.object_id = ri.object_id
inner JOIN sys.dm_db_partition_stats AS ddps ON ri.OBJECT_ID = ddps.OBJECT_ID AND ri.index_id = ddps.index_id 
left join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id and ic.column_id = c.column_id
left join sys.indexes i on ic.object_id = i.object_id and i.index_id = ic.index_id
where ri.index_id < 2 and i.index_id is null and ddps.row_count > 0
order by 
--PkTableName,
ddps.row_count desc