如何从机器名请求IPv4地址?

使用 host 工具来自 bind-tools :

$ host -4 -t A stackoverflow.com
stackoverflow.com has address 151.101.129.69
stackoverflow.com has address 151.101.1.69
stackoverflow.com has address 151.101.193.69
stackoverflow.com has address 151.101.65.69

或 dig 来自同一软件包的工具:

$ dig -4 -t A stackoverflow.com +short
151.101.129.69
151.101.1.69
151.101.193.69
151.101.65.69

#!/usr/bin/env bash

function get_ip {
    echo $1
    getent hosts $1 | awk '{ print $1 }' | sed 's/^/  /g'
    echo
}

用法:

get_ip unix.stackexchange.com
get_ip hostname1
get_ip hostname2