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在目录中列出类(Python)

introspection directory class python

Noldorin · 技术社区 · 14 年前

我正在开发一个python2.6包,在这个包中,我想获取某个目录(包中)中所有类的列表,以便对类对象执行内省。

具体来说,如果包含当前正在执行的模块的目录有一个名为“foobar”的子目录,并且“foobar”包含指定 class Foo(MyBase) , class Bar(MyBase) ,和 class Bar2 MyBase ,即。 Foo 和 Bar ,但不是 Bar2 .

我不确定这个任务是否真的需要处理文件系统,或者子目录中的模块是否自动加载,只需要通过内省列出。有什么想法吗?示例代码非常受欢迎,因为我对Python非常陌生,尤其是内省。

5 回复 | 直到 14 年前

Community taleinat 5 年前

__import__ 内置功能:

import os
from glob import glob
for file in glob(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))), "*.py"):
    name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(file))[0]
    # add package prefix to name, if required
    module = __import__(name)
    for member in dir(module):
        # do something with the member named ``member``

krakover 10 年前

import glob
import importlib
import inspect
import os

current_dir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
current_module_name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(current_dir))[0]
for file in glob.glob(current_dir + "/*.py"):
     name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(file))[0]

     # Ignore __ files
     if name.startswith("__"):
         continue
     module = importlib.import_module("." + name,package=current_module_name)

     for member in dir(module):
         handler_class = getattr(module, member)

         if handler_class and inspect.isclass(handler_class):
             print member

希望有帮助。。

culebrón 14 年前

选项2:使目录成为一个包(创建一个空的\uuu init \uuuu.py文件),导入它并递归遍历它的成员:

import mymodule
def itermodule(mod):
    for member in dir(mymod):
        ...

itermodule(mymodule)

Jossef Harush Kadouri 8 年前

我自己处理的,这是我的版本(forked@krakover snippet):

- 过滤出抽象类
- 筛选出不继承基类的类
- 为每个迭代类创建一个新实例(如果您不觉得它有用,请更改它)

import importlib
import inspect
import os
import glob


def import_plugins(plugins_package_directory_path, base_class=None, create_instance=True, filter_abstract=True):

    plugins_package_name = os.path.basename(plugins_package_directory_path)

    # -----------------------------
    # Iterate all python files within that directory
    plugin_file_paths = glob.glob(os.path.join(plugins_package_directory_path, "*.py"))
    for plugin_file_path in plugin_file_paths:
        plugin_file_name = os.path.basename(plugin_file_path)

        module_name = os.path.splitext(plugin_file_name)[0]

        if module_name.startswith("__"):
            continue

        # -----------------------------
        # Import python file

        module = importlib.import_module("." + module_name, package=plugins_package_name)

        # -----------------------------
        # Iterate items inside imported python file

        for item in dir(module):
            value = getattr(module, item)
            if not value:
                continue

            if not inspect.isclass(value):
                continue

            if filter_abstract and inspect.isabstract(value):
                continue

            if base_class is not None:
                if type(value) != type(base_class):
                    continue

            # -----------------------------
            # Instantiate / return type (depends on create_instance)

            yield value() if create_instance else value

用法:

SCRIPT_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
plugins_directory_path = os.path.join(SCRIPT_DIR, 'plugins')
plugins = import_plugins(plugins_directory_path, base_class=BasePlugin)

for plugin in plugins:
    plugin.foo()

plugins 包含 BasePlugin 班

-1

Mark 11 年前

在有白鹭的平台上:

from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
from re import search

def get_classes(directory):
    job = Popen(['egrep', '-ir', '--include=*.py', 'class ', str(directory), ], stdout=PIPE)
    fileout, fileerr = job.communicate()
    if fileerr:
        raise Exception(fileerr)
    while directory[-1] == '/':
        directory = directory[:-1]
    found = []
    for line in fileout.split('\n'):
        match = search('^([^:]+).py:\s*class\s*(\S+)\s*\((\S+)\):', line)
        if match:
            pypath = match.group(1).replace(directory, '').replace('/', '.')[1:]
            cls = match.group(2)
            parents = filter(lambda x: x.strip, match.group(3).split())
            found.append((pypath, cls, parents, ))
    return found

get_classes('.') ,egrep返回类似于:

./helpers/action.py:class Action(object):
./helpers/get_classes.py:    job = Popen(['egrep', '-ir', '--include=*.py', 'class ', str(directory), ], stdout=PIPE) # this is the get_classes script; not a valid result
./helpers/options.py:class Option(object):

[('helpers.action', 'Action', ['object']), ('helpers.options', 'Option', ['object'])]

如果你只想知道路,那就是 [item[0] for item in get_classes('.')] .