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如何使用纯JavaScript实现fadeOut效果

fadeout javascript

Anakin · 技术社区 · 10 年前

我正在尝试为 div 具有 纯JavaScript .

这是我目前正在使用的:

//Imagine I want to fadeOut an element with id = "target"
function fadeOutEffect()
{
 var fadeTarget = document.getElementById("target");
 var fadeEffect = setInterval(function() {
  if (fadeTarget.style.opacity < 0.1)
  {
   clearInterval(fadeEffect);
  }
  else
  {
   fadeTarget.style.opacity -= 0.1;
  }
 }, 200);
}

div应该会平滑淡出,但它会立即消失。

发生了什么?我该怎么解决?

jsbin

7 回复 | 直到 3 年前

114

Ruan Mendes 5 年前

最初,当没有设置不透明度时,值将是一个空字符串,这将导致运算失败。即, "" < 0.1 == true 然后你的代码进入 clearInterval 树枝

您可以将其默认为1,它将工作。

function fadeOutEffect() {
    var fadeTarget = document.getElementById("target");
    var fadeEffect = setInterval(function () {
        if (!fadeTarget.style.opacity) {
            fadeTarget.style.opacity = 1;
        }
        if (fadeTarget.style.opacity > 0) {
            fadeTarget.style.opacity -= 0.1;
        } else {
            clearInterval(fadeEffect);
        }
    }, 200);
}

document.getElementById("target").addEventListener('click', fadeOutEffect);

#target {
    height: 100px;
    background-color: red;
}

<div id="target">Click to fade</div>

在进行算术和比较时,JavaScript似乎将空字符串视为0(即使在CSS中,它将空字符串作为完全不透明)

> '' < 0.1
> true

> '' > 0.1
> false


> '' - 0.1
> -0.1

更简单的方法 我们现在可以使用 CSS transitions 用更少的代码实现淡出

const target = document.getElementById("target");

target.addEventListener('click', () => target.style.opacity = '0');
// If you want to remove it from the page after the fadeout
target.addEventListener('transitionend', () => target.remove());

#target {
    height: 100px;
    background-color: red;
    transition: opacity 1s;
}

<p>Some text before<p>
<div id="target">Click to fade</div>
<p>Some text after</p>

Lucas Ferreira 10 年前

就在今天早上,我在 http://vanilla-js.com ,它非常简单、紧凑和快速:

var s = document.getElementById('thing').style;
s.opacity = 1;
(function fade(){(s.opacity-=.1)<0?s.display="none":setTimeout(fade,40)})();

您可以更改渐变的速度,更改 setTimeOut 作用

var s = document.getElementById('thing').style;
s.opacity = 1;
(function fade(){(s.opacity-=.1)<0?s.display="none":setTimeout(fade,40)})();

#thing {
  background: red;
  line-height: 40px;
}

<div id="thing">I will fade...</div>

Alexander Tarasenko 5 年前

看起来你可以用另一种方式(我可能错了)。

event.target.style.transition = '0.8s';
event.target.style.opacity = 0;

Vikash 10 年前

您可以使用CSS转换属性,而不是在javascript中使用vai-timer。与你所做的相比,这更注重绩效。

检查

http://fvsch.com/code/transition-fade/test5.html#test3

Alex Nolasco 4 年前

除了公认的答案,我们现在还有 WAAPI 这基本上为JavaScript添加了动画API。

例如

/**
 * @returns {Object}
*/
function defaultFadeConfig() {
  return {      
      easing: 'linear', 
      iterations: 1, 
      direction: 'normal', 
      fill: 'forwards',
      delay: 0,
      endDelay: 0
    }  
}

/** 
 * @param {HTMLElement} el
 * @param {number} durationInMs
 * @param {Object} config
 * @returns {Promise}
 */
async function fadeOut(el, durationInMs, config = defaultFadeConfig()) {  
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {         
    const animation = el.animate([
      { opacity: '1' },
      { opacity: '0', offset: 0.5 },
      { opacity: '0', offset: 1 }
    ], {duration: durationInMs, ...config});
    animation.onfinish = () => resolve();
  })
}

/** 
 * @param {HTMLElement} el
 * @param {number} durationInMs
 * @param {Object} config
 * @returns {Promise}
 */
async function fadeIn(el, durationInMs, config = defaultFadeConfig()) {
  return new Promise((resolve) => {         
    const animation = el.animate([
      { opacity: '0' },
      { opacity: '0.5', offset: 0.5 },
      { opacity: '1', offset: 1 }
    ], {duration: durationInMs, ...config});
    animation.onfinish = () => resolve();
  });
}

window.addEventListener('load', async ()=> {
  const el = document.getElementById('el1');  
  for(const ipsum of "Neque porro quisquam est qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor \uD83D\uDE00".split(' ')) {
    await fadeOut(el, 1000);  
    el.innerText = ipsum;
    await fadeIn(el, 2000);
  }
});

.text-center {
  text-align: center;
}

<h1 id="el1" class="text-center">...</h1>

mahdiros 4 年前

function fadeOutEffect() {
    var fadeTarget = document.getElementById("target");
    var fadeEffect = setInterval(function () {
        if (!fadeTarget.style.opacity) {
            fadeTarget.style.opacity = 1;
        }
        if (fadeTarget.style.opacity > 0) {
            fadeTarget.style.opacity -= 0.1;
        } else {
            clearInterval(fadeEffect);
        }
    }, 200);
}

document.getElementById("target").addEventListener('click', fadeOutEffect);

#target {
    height: 100px;
    background-color: red;
}

<div id="target">Click to fade</div>

Lex Jad 3 年前

我的解决方案

function fadeOut(selector, timeInterval, callback = null) {

    var fadeTarget = document.querySelector(selector);

    let time = timeInterval / 1000;
    fadeTarget.style.transition = time + 's';
    fadeTarget.style.opacity = 0;
    var fadeEffect = setInterval(function() {

        if (fadeTarget.style.opacity <= 0)
        {
            clearInterval(fadeEffect);
            if (typeof (callback) === 'function') {
                callback();
            }
        }
    }, timeInterval);
}