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如何用预先填充的必填字段实例化Django ModelForm?

modelform forms django python

Kurt Peek · 技术社区 · 7 年前

我有一个子类 ModelForm , FamilyDemographicsForm ,其中两个 ChoiceField 需要: point_of_contact 和 birth_parent . 例如,以下测试通过:

class FamilyDemographicsFormTest(TestCase):
    def test_empty_form_is_not_valid(self):
        '''The choice fields 'point_of_contact' and 'birth_parent' are
        the only two required fields of the form'''
        form = FamilyDemographicsForm(data={})

        # The form is not valid because the required fields have not been provided
        self.assertFalse(form.is_valid())
        self.assertEqual(form.errors,
            {'point_of_contact': ['This field is required.'],
             'birth_parent': ['This field is required.']})

    def test_form_with_required_fields_is_valid(self):
        '''The form's save() method constructs the expected family'''
        data = {'point_of_contact': Family.EMPLOYEE,
                'birth_parent': Family.PARTNER}
        form = FamilyDemographicsForm(data=data)
        self.assertTrue(form.is_valid())

        # The family returned by saving the form has the expected attributes
        family = form.save()
        self.assertEqual(family.point_of_contact, Family.EMPLOYEE)
        self.assertEqual(family.birth_parent, Family.PARTNER)

        # The family exists in the database
        self.assertTrue(Family.objects.filter(id=family.id).exists())

在第二个测试用例中 Family 创建于 form.save() . 我想尝试更新现有的族。为了让我开始,我尝试了以下方法:

def test_update_existing_family(self):
    initial = {'point_of_contact': Family.EMPLOYEE,
               'birth_parent': Family.PARTNER}
    data = {'employee_phone': '4151234567',
            'employee_phone_type': Family.IPHONE,
            'partner_phone': '4157654321',
            'partner_phone_type': Family.ANDROID}

    form = FamilyDemographicsForm(data=data, initial=initial)
    import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()

然而,当我进入调试器时,我注意到 form.is_valid() 是 False 和 form.errors 表示未提供必填字段:

ipdb> form.errors
{'point_of_contact': ['This field is required.'], 'birth_parent': ['This field is required.']}

我的问题是:有什么方法可以实例化一个有效的 模型形式 具有 data 是否不包括必填字段?E、 g.通过提供适当的 initial 或 instance 论点(我从的源代码中还不清楚这一点 BaseModelForm 在…上 https://github.com/django/django/blob/master/django/forms/models.py ).

1 回复 | 直到 7 年前

KryÅ¡tof ÅeháÄek 7 年前

您可以修改 ModelForm 和 Form Django提供给他们满足您的需求。您可以根据需要重写每个方法。最基本和最基本的预填充是提供 initial 数据为{field\u name:value,…}的dict表格接受,无需任何修改。

比如你有这个

class Model1(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)

还有这个表格

class Model1ModelForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Model1
        fields = ('name', )

您可以在视图中提供初始数据,如下所示

initial = {'name': 'Initial name'}
form = Model1ModelForm(initial=initial)

因此,此表单中的名称将被预先填充。

django文件: Providing initial values

堆栈溢出: Pass initial value to a modelform in django