使用抽象和依赖注入,如果特定于实现的细节需要在UI中配置呢?

对于要加载的每种类型的文件,都需要一个单独的viewmodel。

这些viewmodels可以作为依赖项传递给主viewmodel,主viewmodel在需要时调用每个viewmodel上的load;

public interface ILoaderViewModel
{
    IReadOnlyCollection<ClientMatter> Load();
}

public class ExcelMatterListLoaderViewModel : ILoaderViewModel
{
    private readonly ExcelMatterListLoader loader;

    public string InputFilePath { get; set; }

    public uint StartRowNum { get; set; }

    public uint StartColNum { get; set; }

    public ExcelMatterListLoaderViewModel(ExcelMatterListLoader loader)
    {
        this.loader = loader;
    }

    IReadOnlyCollection<ClientMatter> Load()
    {
        // Stuff

        loader.Load(fromFile);
    }
}

public sealed class MainViewModel
{
    private ExcelMatterListLoaderViewModel matterListLoaderViewModel;

    public ObservableCollection<ClientMatter> ClientMatters
        = new ObservableCollection<ClientMatter>();

    public MainViewModel(ExcelMatterListLoaderViewModel matterListLoaderViewModel)
    {
        this.matterListLoaderViewModel = matterListLoaderViewModel;
    }

    public void LoadCommand()
    {
        var clientMatters = matterListLoaderViewModel.Load();

        foreach (var matter in clientMatters)
        {
            ClientMatters.Add(matter)
        }
    }
}

当您向应用程序添加更多类型时,您将创建新的视图模型并将其作为依赖项添加。

您可以拥有一个函数,该函数基于接口的特定类型构造UI元素。

public static void ConstructUI(IMatterListLoader loader) {
    Type loaderType = loader.GetType();
    // Do logic based on type
}

可以为每个IMatterListLoader实现提供类,其中包含有关表示的逻辑。(您不希望将UI表示逻辑与IMatterListLoader实现混合在一起)。

我会加一个 Draw() 方法 IMatterListLoader 接口。您的MainViewModel将调用 绘制() 实际情况如何 IMatterListLoader 将向UI添加所需的任何参数。

例如,假设您有一个不需要客户机输入的ascimatterlistloader,那么MainViewModel中将不会显示任何内容。但是如果加载了ExcelMatterListLoader,MainViewModel应该添加必要的用户输入。

public sealed class AsciiMatterListLoader : IMatterListLoader
{
    public IReadOnlyCollection<string> MatterListFileExtensions { get; set; }

    public IReadOnlyCollection<ClientMatter> Load(FileInfo fromFile)
    {
        // load data with no parameters
    }

    public Panel Draw()
    {
        // Nothing needs to be drawn
        return null;
    }
}

public sealed class ExcelMatterListLoader : IMatterListLoader
{
    public uint StartRowNum { get; set; }
    public uint StartColNum { get; set; }
    public IReadOnlyCollection<string> MatterListFileExtensions { get; set; }

    public IReadOnlyCollection<ClientMatter> Load(FileInfo fromFile)
    {
        // load using StartRowNum and StartColNum
    }

    public Panel Draw()
    {
        Panel panelForUserParams = new Panel();
        panelForUserParams.Height = 400;
        panelForUserParams.Width = 200;
        TextBox startRowTextBox = new TextBox();
        startRowTextBox.Name = "startRowTextBox";
        TextBox startColumnTextBox = new TextBox();
        startColumnTextBox.Name = "startColumnTextBox";
        panelForUserParams.Children().Add(startRowTextBox);
        panelForUserParams.Children().Add(startColumnTextBox);
        return panelForUserParams;
    }
}

public sealed class MainViewModel
{
    public string InputFilePath { get; set; }
    public ICommandExecutor LoadClientMatterListCommand { get; }

    public MainViewModel(IMatterListLoader matterListLoader)
    {
        var panel = matterListLoader.Draw();
        if (panel != null)
        {
                // Your MainViewModel should have a dummy empty panel called "placeHolderPanelForChildPanel"
                var parent = this.placeHolderPanelForChildPanel.Parent;
                parent.Children.Remove(this.placeHolderPanelForChildPanel); // Remove the dummy panel
                parent.Children.Add(panel); // Replace with new panel
        }
    }
}

您可能需要使用事件处理程序将用户输入更改传递给IMatterListLoader,或者使IMatterListLoader成为UserControl。

编辑

@罗里美联社是的,服务层不应该知道UI组件。这里是我调整后的答案,IMatterListLoader只是通过使用字典作为PropertyBag而不是告诉UI绘制什么来公开它所需要的属性。通过这种方式,UI层完成所有UI工作:

public interface IMatterListLoader
{
    IReadOnlyCollection<ClientMatter> Load(FileInfo fromFile);
    IDictionary<string, object> Properties { get; }
    void SetProperties(IDictionary<string, object> properties);
}

public sealed class AsciiMatterListLoader : IMatterListLoader
{
    public IReadOnlyCollection<string> MatterListFileExtensions { get; set; }

    public IDictionary<string, object> Properties
    {
        get 
        {
            return new Dictionary<string, object>(); // Don't need any parameters for ascii files
        }
    }

    public void SetProperties(IDictionary<string, object> properties)
    {
        // Nothing to do
    }

    public IReadOnlyCollection<ClientMatter> Load(FileInfo fromFile)
    {
        // Load without using any additional params
        return null;
    }
}

public sealed class ExcelMatterListLoader : IMatterListLoader
{
    private const string StartRowNumParam = "StartRowNum";
    private const string StartColNumParam = "StartColNum";

    public uint StartRowNum { get; set; }
    public uint StartColNum { get; set; }
    public IReadOnlyCollection<string> MatterListFileExtensions { get; set; }

    private bool havePropertiesBeenSet = false;

    public IDictionary<string, object> Properties
    {
        get
        {
            var properties = new Dictionary<string, object>();
            properties.Add(StartRowNumParam, (uint)0); // Give default UINT value so UI knows what type this property is
            properties.Add(StartColNumParam, (uint)0); // Give default UINT value so UI knows what type this property is

            return properties;
        }
    }

    public void SetProperties(IDictionary<string, object> properties)
    {
        if (properties != null)
        {
            foreach(var property in properties)
            {
                switch(property.Key)
                {
                    case StartRowNumParam:
                        this.StartRowNum = (uint)property.Value;
                        break;
                    case StartColNumParam:
                        this.StartColNum = (uint)property.Value;
                        break;
                    default:
                        break;
                }
            }

            this.havePropertiesBeenSet = true;
        }
        else
            throw new ArgumentNullException("properties");
    }

    public IReadOnlyCollection<ClientMatter> Load(FileInfo fromFile)
    {
        if (this.havePropertiesBeenSet)
        {
            // Load using StartRowNum and StartColNum
            return null;
        }
        else
            throw new Exception("Must call SetProperties() before calling Load()");
    }
}

public sealed class MainViewModel
{
    public string InputFilePath { get; set; }
    public ICommandExecutor LoadClientMatterListCommand { get; }
    private IMatterListLoader matterListLoader;

    public MainViewModel(IMatterListLoader matterListLoader)
    {
        this.matterListLoader = matterListLoader;

        if (matterListLoader != null && matterListLoader.Properties != null)
        {
            foreach(var prop in matterListLoader.Properties)
            {
                if (typeof(prop.Value) == typeof(DateTime))
                {
                    // Draw DateTime picker for datetime value
                    this.placeHolderPanelForParams.Add(new DateTimePicker() { Name = prop.Key });
                }
                else 
                {
                    // Draw textbox for everything else
                    this.placeHolderPanelForParams.Add(new TextBox() { Name = prop.Key });

                    // You can also add validations to the input here (E.g. Dont allow negative numbers of prop is unsigned)
                    // ...
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public void LoadFileButtonClick(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        //Get input params from UI
        Dictionary<string, object> properties = new Dictionary<string, object>();
        foreach(Control propertyControl in this.placeHolderPanelForParams().Children())
        {
            if (propertyControl is TextBox)
                properties.Add(propertyControl.Name, ((TextBox)propertyControl).Text);
            else if (propertyControl is DateTimePicker)
                properties.Add(propertyControl.Name, ((DateTimePicker)propertyControl).Value);
        }

        this.matterListLoader.SetProperties(properties);
        this.matterListLoader.Load(null); //Ready to load
    }
}

创建一个新的 Attribute 例如:

[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Property, AllowMultiple = false)]
public class ExposeToViewAttribute : Attribute
{
    public string Name { get; set; }

    public ExposeToViewAttribute([System.Runtime.CompilerServices.CallerMemberName]string name = "")
    {
        this.Name = name;
    }
}

var t = matterListLoader.GetType();
var props = t.GetProperties().Where((p) => p.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(ExposeToViewAttribute), false).Any());
foreach(var prop in props)
{
    var att = prop.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(ExposeToViewAttribute), true).First() as ExposeToViewAttribute;
    //Add to view
}

方法不会变得更干净。

使用方法简单如下:

[ExposeToView]
public int Something { get; set; }

[ExposeToView("some name")]
public int OtherFieldWithCustomNameThen { get; set; }

如果你用 WPF