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1
Andrew Reid
6 年前
字体大小
对于字体大小,您需要与画布的缩放值成反比的字体大小。说:
ctx.font = 12 / zoom + "px Arial";
其中12是缩放时的字体大小(
zoom
)是1。如果你放大,那么所有的东西都是拉伸的两倍,(
zoom = 2
,字体大小为6。因为字体大小是线性的,而不是面积测量,所以我们不需要在这里平方缩放。
更新轴
为了更新显示的数字以便适当地缩放,可以使用一些不同的方法。
作为一个简单的例子,我们可以找出变焦的数量级(或者基本上是多少个数字,或者有多少个小数点),并根据这个系数缩放显示的数字。例如,如果缩放为10,那么我们将以1/10的增量显示轴号。如果缩放为0.1,那么我们将以1/0.1或10的增量显示轴号。
首先,让我们找出变焦的大小顺序:
const orderMagnitude = Math.pow(10,Math.floor(Math.log(zoom) / Math.LN10));
缩放值为1(起始值)将产生0的数量级。缩放值为10将产生1个数量级。
现在,我们可以将这个数量级转换为以10为底的整数:
const every = 1 / Math.pow(10,orderMagnitude);
这里我们取一个数量级,例如1,并将其转换为1/10,1/10将是轴上显示的增量(您已经使用了变量名
increment
,所以我叫它
every
,因为它每隔一段时间代表一个轴刻度)。间隔1/10个单位的刻度间距是合适的,因为数量级表示10倍的缩放。
现在,我们需要将此应用于代码中的几个点:
const inverval = 20 * every; // scale the interval to reflect the density of ticks
当然,当您设置轴时,例如:
for (let i = 1; i <= width / 2 / interval; i++) {
total = i * interval
ctx.fillText(` ${i*every} `, basicCenter.x + total, basicHeight / 2)
}
以下是迄今为止的一个例子(缩小显示的速度更快):
class ViewPort {
constructor(canvas) {
this.canvas = canvas
/**
* Point used to calculate the change of every point's position on
* canvas after view port is zoomed and panned
*/
this.center = this.basicCenter
this.zoom = 1
this.shouldPan = false
this.prevZoomingPoint = null
}
get canvasWidth() {
return this.canvas.getBoundingClientRect().width
}
get canvasHeight() {
return this.canvas.getBoundingClientRect().height
}
get canvasLeft() {
return this.canvas.getBoundingClientRect().left
}
get canvasTop() {
return this.canvas.getBoundingClientRect().top
}
get context() {
return this.canvas.getContext('2d')
}
get basicCenter() {
const { canvasWidth, canvasHeight } = this
const point = {
x: canvasWidth / 2,
y: canvasHeight / 2
}
return point
}
get basicWidth() {
const width = this.canvasWidth
return width
}
get basicHeight() {
const height = this.canvasHeight
return height
}
get width() {
const { basicWidth, zoom } = this
const width = basicWidth * zoom
return width
}
get height() {
const { basicHeight, zoom } = this
const height = basicHeight * zoom
return height
}
get movement() {
const { width, height, basicWidth, basicHeight } = this
const { x: cx, y: cy } = this.center
const { x: basicCX, y: basicCY } = this.basicCenter
const deltaX = cx - basicCX - ((width - basicWidth) / 2)
const deltaY = cy - basicCY - ((height - basicHeight) / 2)
const res = {
x: deltaX,
y: deltaY
}
return res
}
get pan() {
const { center, zoom, basicCenter } = this
const res = {
x: center.x - basicCenter.x,
y: center.y - basicCenter.y
}
return res
}
zoomBy(center, deltaZoom) {
const prevZoom = this.zoom
this.zoom = this.zoom + deltaZoom
this.center = this.zoomPoint(center, this.zoom / prevZoom, this.center)
}
zoomIn(point) {
this.zoomBy(point, 0.1)
}
zoomOut(point) {
this.zoom > 0.25 && this.zoomBy(point, -0.1)
}
zoomPoint(center, rate, point) {
const { x: cx, y: cy } = center
const { x, y } = point
const deltaX = (x - cx) * rate
const deltaY = (y - cy) * rate
const newPoint = {
x: cx + deltaX,
y: cy + deltaY
}
return newPoint
}
panBy(deltaX, deltaY) {
const { x: centerX, y: centerY } = this.center
this.center = {
x: centerX + deltaX,
y: centerY + deltaY
}
}
getDeltaPointToPrevPanningPoint(point) {
const { x, y } = point
const { x: prevX, y: prevY } = this.prevZoomingPoint
const deltaPoint = {
x: x - prevX,
y: y - prevY
}
return deltaPoint
}
startPan(event) {
const point = {
x: event.x - this.canvasLeft,
y: event.y - this.canvasTop,
}
this.shouldPan = true
this.prevZoomingPoint = point
}
panning(event) {
const point = {
x: event.x - this.canvasLeft,
y: event.y - this.canvasTop,
}
const deltaX = this.getDeltaPointToPrevPanningPoint(point).x
const deltaY = this.getDeltaPointToPrevPanningPoint(point).y
this.prevZoomingPoint = point
this.panBy(deltaX, deltaY)
}
stopPan() {
this.shouldPan = false
}
transformToInitial(point) {
const { x, y } = point
const { movement, zoom } = this
const res = {
x: (x - movement.x) / zoom,
y: (y - movement.y) / zoom
}
return res
}
transform(point) {
const { x, y } = point
const { movement, zoom } = this
const res = {
x: x * zoom + movement.x,
y: y * zoom + movement.y
}
return res
}
clearCanvas() {
this.context.setTransform(1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0)
this.context.clearRect(
0,
0,
viewPort.canvasWidth,
viewPort.canvasHeight
)
}
}
class Interaction {
constructor({
canvas,
viewPort,
dragger
}) {
canvas.removeEventListener("mousewheel", mousewheelListener)
canvas.addEventListener("mousewheel", mousewheelListener)
canvas.removeEventListener("mousedown", mousedownListener)
canvas.addEventListener("mousedown", mousedownListener)
canvas.removeEventListener("mousemove", mousemoveListener)
canvas.addEventListener("mousemove", mousemoveListener)
canvas.removeEventListener("mouseup", mouseupListener)
canvas.addEventListener("mouseup", mouseupListener)
function mousewheelListener(event) {
event.preventDefault()
const point = {
x: event.x - canvas.getBoundingClientRect().left,
y: event.y - canvas.getBoundingClientRect().top,
}
const { deltaX, deltaY } = event
if (isDecreasing()) {
viewPort.zoomIn(point)
}
if (isIncreasing()) {
viewPort.zoomOut(point)
}
function isIncreasing() {
const res = deltaX > 0 || deltaY > 0
return res
}
function isDecreasing() {
const res = deltaX < 0 || deltaY < 0
return res
}
render()
}
function mousedownListener(event) {
viewPort.startPan(event)
}
function mousemoveListener(event) {
viewPort.shouldPan && viewPort.panning(event)
viewPort.shouldPan && render()
}
function mouseupListener(event) {
viewPort.stopPan(event)
}
}
}
const canvas = document.getElementById("myCanvas")
const viewPort = new ViewPort(canvas)
const interaction = new Interaction({ viewPort, canvas })
function render() {
const { abs, max } = Math
const { zoom, movement, context: ctx, pan, center, basicCenter } = viewPort
viewPort.clearCanvas()
ctx.setTransform(zoom, 0, 0, zoom, movement.x, movement.y)
// modify font based on zoom:
ctx.font = 12 / zoom + "px Arial";
// modify number interval based on zoom:
const orderMagnitude = Math.floor(Math.log(zoom) / Math.LN10);
const every = 1 / Math.pow(10,orderMagnitude);
// Original codes are rewrote
const { canvasWidth, canvasHeight } = viewPort
const interval = 20 * every;
const basicWidth = canvasWidth
const basicHeight = canvasHeight
const potentialWidth = 2 * max(abs(viewPort.transformToInitial({ x: 0, y: 0 }).x - basicCenter.x), abs(viewPort.transformToInitial({ x: basicWidth, y: 0 }).x - basicCenter.x))
const width = potentialWidth > basicWidth ? potentialWidth : basicWidth
const potentialHeight = 2 * max(abs(viewPort.transformToInitial({ x: 0, y: 0 }).y - basicCenter.y), abs(viewPort.transformToInitial({ x: 0, y: basicHeight }).y - basicCenter.y))
const height = potentialHeight > basicHeight ? potentialHeight : basicHeight
drawXAxis()
drawYAxis()
drawOriginCoordinate()
drawXCoordinates()
drawYCoordinates()
function drawXAxis() {
const path = new Path2D
path.moveTo(basicCenter.x - width / 2, basicHeight / 2)
path.lineTo(basicCenter.x + width / 2, basicHeight / 2)
ctx.stroke(path)
}
function drawYAxis() {
const path = new Path2D
path.moveTo(basicWidth / 2, basicCenter.y - height / 2)
path.lineTo(basicWidth / 2, basicCenter.y + height / 2)
ctx.stroke(path)
}
function drawOriginCoordinate() {
ctx.fillText(`O`, basicCenter.x + 5, basicCenter.y - 5)
}
function drawXCoordinates() {
for (let i = 1; i <= width / 2 / interval; i++) {
total = i * interval
ctx.fillText(` ${i*every} `, basicCenter.x + total, basicHeight / 2)
}
for (let i = 1; i <= width / 2 / interval; i++) {
total = i * interval
ctx.fillText(` -${i*every} `, basicCenter.x - total, basicHeight / 2)
}
}
function drawYCoordinates() {
for (let i = 1; i <= height / 2 / interval; i++) {
total = i * interval
ctx.fillText(` ${i*every} `, basicWidth / 2, basicCenter.y + total)
}
for (let i = 1; i <= height / 2 / interval; i++) {
total = i * interval
ctx.fillText(` -${i*every} `, basicWidth / 2, basicCenter.y - total)
}
}
}
render()
<canvas id="myCanvas" width="300" height="300" style="border:1px solid #d3d3d3;"></canvas>
精炼轴心
这是正常的,但滴答的阈值为
zoom = 1
位置不理想。也许我们可以通过偏移输入值来稍微修改计算出的数量级:
const orderMagnitude = Math.pow(10,Math.floor(Math.log(zoom*1.5) / Math.LN10));
这将为不同轴的刻度生成一个间隔稍好的阈值。
进一步细化
而不是让每个勾号都从原点开始
1 x 10^n
我们可以使用2或5作为中间值,因为只有在缩放比例变化10倍时才重置刻度是最不理想的。
一种可能的解决方案是,当缩放比例因子相对于给定数量级增加时,我们会减小刻度之间的间隔(减小
每一个
):
// Modify how every often we want to show an axis tick:
var every;
if (zoom/Math.pow(10,orderMagnitude) > 4) {
every = 1 / Math.pow(10,orderMagnitude) * 0.2;
}
else if (zoom/Math.pow(10,orderMagnitude) > 2) {
every = 1 / Math.pow(10,orderMagnitude) * 0.5;
}
else {
every = 1 / Math.pow(10,orderMagnitude);
}
这给了我们:
class ViewPort {
constructor(canvas) {
this.canvas = canvas
/**
* Point used to calculate the change of every point's position on
* canvas after view port is zoomed and panned
*/
this.center = this.basicCenter
this.zoom = 1
this.shouldPan = false
this.prevZoomingPoint = null
}
get canvasWidth() {
return this.canvas.getBoundingClientRect().width
}
get canvasHeight() {
return this.canvas.getBoundingClientRect().height
}
get canvasLeft() {
return this.canvas.getBoundingClientRect().left
}
get canvasTop() {
return this.canvas.getBoundingClientRect().top
}
get context() {
return this.canvas.getContext('2d')
}
get basicCenter() {
const { canvasWidth, canvasHeight } = this
const point = {
x: canvasWidth / 2,
y: canvasHeight / 2
}
return point
}
get basicWidth() {
const width = this.canvasWidth
return width
}
get basicHeight() {
const height = this.canvasHeight
return height
}
get width() {
const { basicWidth, zoom } = this
const width = basicWidth * zoom
return width
}
get height() {
const { basicHeight, zoom } = this
const height = basicHeight * zoom
return height
}
get movement() {
const { width, height, basicWidth, basicHeight } = this
const { x: cx, y: cy } = this.center
const { x: basicCX, y: basicCY } = this.basicCenter
const deltaX = cx - basicCX - ((width - basicWidth) / 2)
const deltaY = cy - basicCY - ((height - basicHeight) / 2)
const res = {
x: deltaX,
y: deltaY
}
return res
}
get pan() {
const { center, zoom, basicCenter } = this
const res = {
x: center.x - basicCenter.x,
y: center.y - basicCenter.y
}
return res
}
zoomBy(center, deltaZoom) {
const prevZoom = this.zoom
this.zoom = this.zoom + deltaZoom
this.center = this.zoomPoint(center, this.zoom / prevZoom, this.center)
}
zoomIn(point) {
this.zoomBy(point, 0.1)
}
zoomOut(point) {
this.zoom > 0.25 && this.zoomBy(point, -0.1)
}
zoomPoint(center, rate, point) {
const { x: cx, y: cy } = center
const { x, y } = point
const deltaX = (x - cx) * rate
const deltaY = (y - cy) * rate
const newPoint = {
x: cx + deltaX,
y: cy + deltaY
}
return newPoint
}
panBy(deltaX, deltaY) {
const { x: centerX, y: centerY } = this.center
this.center = {
x: centerX + deltaX,
y: centerY + deltaY
}
}
getDeltaPointToPrevPanningPoint(point) {
const { x, y } = point
const { x: prevX, y: prevY } = this.prevZoomingPoint
const deltaPoint = {
x: x - prevX,
y: y - prevY
}
return deltaPoint
}
startPan(event) {
const point = {
x: event.x - this.canvasLeft,
y: event.y - this.canvasTop,
}
this.shouldPan = true
this.prevZoomingPoint = point
}
panning(event) {
const point = {
x: event.x - this.canvasLeft,
y: event.y - this.canvasTop,
}
const deltaX = this.getDeltaPointToPrevPanningPoint(point).x
const deltaY = this.getDeltaPointToPrevPanningPoint(point).y
this.prevZoomingPoint = point
this.panBy(deltaX, deltaY)
}
stopPan() {
this.shouldPan = false
}
transformToInitial(point) {
const { x, y } = point
const { movement, zoom } = this
const res = {
x: (x - movement.x) / zoom,
y: (y - movement.y) / zoom
}
return res
}
transform(point) {
const { x, y } = point
const { movement, zoom } = this
const res = {
x: x * zoom + movement.x,
y: y * zoom + movement.y
}
return res
}
clearCanvas() {
this.context.setTransform(1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0)
this.context.clearRect(
0,
0,
viewPort.canvasWidth,
viewPort.canvasHeight
)
}
}
class Interaction {
constructor({
canvas,
viewPort,
dragger
}) {
canvas.removeEventListener("mousewheel", mousewheelListener)
canvas.addEventListener("mousewheel", mousewheelListener)
canvas.removeEventListener("mousedown", mousedownListener)
canvas.addEventListener("mousedown", mousedownListener)
canvas.removeEventListener("mousemove", mousemoveListener)
canvas.addEventListener("mousemove", mousemoveListener)
canvas.removeEventListener("mouseup", mouseupListener)
canvas.addEventListener("mouseup", mouseupListener)
function mousewheelListener(event) {
event.preventDefault()
const point = {
x: event.x - canvas.getBoundingClientRect().left,
y: event.y - canvas.getBoundingClientRect().top,
}
const { deltaX, deltaY } = event
if (isDecreasing()) {
viewPort.zoomIn(point)
}
if (isIncreasing()) {
viewPort.zoomOut(point)
}
function isIncreasing() {
const res = deltaX > 0 || deltaY > 0
return res
}
function isDecreasing() {
const res = deltaX < 0 || deltaY < 0
return res
}
render()
}
function mousedownListener(event) {
viewPort.startPan(event)
}
function mousemoveListener(event) {
viewPort.shouldPan && viewPort.panning(event)
viewPort.shouldPan && render()
}
function mouseupListener(event) {
viewPort.stopPan(event)
}
}
}
const canvas = document.getElementById("myCanvas")
const viewPort = new ViewPort(canvas)
const interaction = new Interaction({ viewPort, canvas })
function render() {
const { abs, max } = Math
const { zoom, movement, context: ctx, pan, center, basicCenter } = viewPort
viewPort.clearCanvas()
ctx.setTransform(zoom, 0, 0, zoom, movement.x, movement.y)
// modify font based on zoom:
ctx.font = 12 / zoom + "px Arial";
// modify number interval based on zoom:
const orderMagnitude = Math.floor(Math.log(zoom*1.5) / Math.LN10);
// Modify how every often we want to show an axis tick:
var every;
if (zoom/Math.pow(10,orderMagnitude) > 4) {
every = 1 / Math.pow(10,orderMagnitude) * 0.2;
}
else if (zoom/Math.pow(10,orderMagnitude) > 2) {
every = 1 / Math.pow(10,orderMagnitude) * 0.5;
}
else {
every = 1 / Math.pow(10,orderMagnitude);
}
// Original codes are rewrote
const { canvasWidth, canvasHeight } = viewPort
const interval = 30 * every;
const basicWidth = canvasWidth
const basicHeight = canvasHeight
const potentialWidth = 2 * max(abs(viewPort.transformToInitial({ x: 0, y: 0 }).x - basicCenter.x), abs(viewPort.transformToInitial({ x: basicWidth, y: 0 }).x - basicCenter.x))
const width = potentialWidth > basicWidth ? potentialWidth : basicWidth
const potentialHeight = 2 * max(abs(viewPort.transformToInitial({ x: 0, y: 0 }).y - basicCenter.y), abs(viewPort.transformToInitial({ x: 0, y: basicHeight }).y - basicCenter.y))
const height = potentialHeight > basicHeight ? potentialHeight : basicHeight
drawXAxis()
drawYAxis()
drawOriginCoordinate()
drawXCoordinates()
drawYCoordinates()
function drawXAxis() {
const path = new Path2D
path.moveTo(basicCenter.x - width / 2, basicHeight / 2)
path.lineTo(basicCenter.x + width / 2, basicHeight / 2)
ctx.stroke(path)
}
function drawYAxis() {
const path = new Path2D
path.moveTo(basicWidth / 2, basicCenter.y - height / 2)
path.lineTo(basicWidth / 2, basicCenter.y + height / 2)
ctx.stroke(path)
}
function drawOriginCoordinate() {
ctx.fillText(`O`, basicCenter.x + 5, basicCenter.y - 5)
}
function drawXCoordinates() {
for (let i = 1; i <= width / 2 / interval; i++) {
total = i * interval
ctx.fillText(` ${i*every} `, basicCenter.x + total, basicHeight / 2)
}
for (let i = 1; i <= width / 2 / interval; i++) {
total = i * interval
ctx.fillText(` -${i*every} `, basicCenter.x - total, basicHeight / 2)
}
}
function drawYCoordinates() {
for (let i = 1; i <= height / 2 / interval; i++) {
total = i * interval
ctx.fillText(` ${i*every} `, basicWidth / 2, basicCenter.y + total)
}
for (let i = 1; i <= height / 2 / interval; i++) {
total = i * interval
ctx.fillText(` -${i*every} `, basicWidth / 2, basicCenter.y - total)
}
}
}
render()
<canvas id=“mycanvas”width=“300”height=“300”style=“border:1px solid d3d3;”></canvas>
进一步改进
我没有涉及数字格式,但放大时可以看到一些浮点问题。此外,轴的条形宽度随着放大和缩小而增大,这会影响文本的位置。
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