如何获得路由器名称和IP显示在Windows网络选项卡?(代码中)

需要的代码比我想要的要多一些。如果有更紧凑的方法,我自己也会感兴趣。

据我所知,Windows通过UPnP获取信息。UPnP是一种基于UDP的Web服务。它有一些奇怪之处,因为它使用UDP多播,所以很难显式地编写代码,但是Windows提供了一个助手库。这个库并不适合VB6程序使用,但是通过一些技巧,您可以访问它的大部分功能。

下面的代码是从我在VB6服务器中用于UPnP NAT端口映射的更大类中抽象出来的。不过,这个子集可以满足您的要求。

UPnPNAT.cls文件

Option Explicit
'Requires reference to:
'
'   UPnP 1.0 Type Library (Control Point)
'

Private Const CONN_SVCTYPEID_URI As String = "urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:WANIPConnection:1"
Private Const CONN_ID_URI As String = "urn:upnp-org:serviceId:WANIPConn1"

Private UDFinder As UPNPLib.UPnPDeviceFinder
Private WithEvents UNCBs As UPnPNATCBs
Private findData As Long
Private blnSuccess As Boolean

Public Event Result(ByVal Success As Boolean, ByVal FriendlyName As String, ByVal IP As String)

Public Sub Fetch()
    blnSuccess = False
    Set UDFinder = New UPNPLib.UPnPDeviceFinder
    Set UNCBs = New UPnPNATCBs
    findData = CallByName(UDFinder, "CreateAsyncFind", VbMethod, CONN_SVCTYPEID_URI, 0, UNCBs)
    UDFinder.StartAsyncFind findData
End Sub

Private Sub UNCBs_DeviceAdded(ByVal Device As UPNPLib.IUPnPDevice)
    Dim Services As UPNPLib.UPnPServices
    Dim Service As UPNPLib.UPnPService
    Dim varInActionArgs, varOutActionArgs
    Dim strFriendlyName As String
    Dim strIP As String

    strFriendlyName = Device.FriendlyName
    On Error Resume Next
    Set Services = Device.Services
    If Err.Number = 0 Then
        On Error GoTo 0
        With Services
            If .Count > 0 Then
                On Error Resume Next
                Set Service = .Item(CONN_ID_URI)
                If Err.Number = 0 Then
                    On Error GoTo 0
                    ReDim varInActionArgs(0 To 0)
                    ReDim varOutActionArgs(0 To 0)
                    Service.InvokeAction "GetExternalIPAddress", _
                                         varInActionArgs, _
                                         varOutActionArgs
                    strIP = varOutActionArgs(0)
                    blnSuccess = True
                Else
                    On Error GoTo 0
                End If
            End If
        End With
    Else
        On Error GoTo 0
    End If

    UDFinder.CancelAsyncFind findData
    RaiseEvent Result(blnSuccess, strFriendlyName, strIP)
    Set UDFinder = Nothing
    Set UNCBs = Nothing
End Sub

Private Sub UNCBs_SearchComplete()
    If Not blnSuccess Then
        RaiseEvent Result(False, "", "")
    End If
End Sub

UPnPNATCBs.cls文件

Option Explicit

Public Event DeviceAdded(ByVal Device As UPNPLib.IUPnPDevice)
Public Event DeviceRemoved(ByVal UDN As String)
Public Event SearchComplete()

Public Sub IDispatchCallback( _
    ByVal pDevice As Variant, _
    ByVal bstrUDN As Variant, _
    ByVal lType As Variant)
    'NOTE: Must be dispID = 0, i.e. the default method of the class.

    Select Case lType
        Case 0
            RaiseEvent DeviceAdded(pDevice)
        Case 1
            RaiseEvent DeviceRemoved(bstrUDN)
        Case 2
            RaiseEvent SearchComplete
    End Select
End Sub

表1.frm

Option Explicit

Private WithEvents UN As UPnPNAT

Private Sub Form_Load()
    Set UN = New UPnPNAT
    lblStatus.Caption = "Searching..."
    UN.Fetch
End Sub

Private Sub UN_Result(ByVal Success As Boolean, ByVal FriendlyName As String, ByVal IP As String)
    If Success Then
        lblStatus.Caption = FriendlyName & " " & IP
    Else
        lblStatus.Caption = "Failed"
    End If
End Sub

如果您的网络中有多个UPnP设备提供连接,您可能需要对此进行一些调整。

您可以尝试捕获“routeprint-4”命令的输出并将其解析为默认路由。如果您使用的是IPv6,则将-4更改为-6。

if (!NetworkInterface.GetIsNetworkAvailable())
    return "Not connected.";

var networkDevices = NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces();
if (networkDevices.Length == 0)
    return "No network devices.";

networkDevices = networkDevices
    .Where(n => n.OperationalStatus == OperationalStatus.Up
        || n.OperationalStatus == OperationalStatus.Dormant)
    .ToArray();
if (networkDevices.Length == 0)
    return "Network not connected.";

networkDevices = networkDevices
    .Where(n => n.Supports(NetworkInterfaceComponent.IPv4))
    .ToArray();
if (networkDevices.Length == 0)
    return "No IPv4 network found.";

var router = networkDevices.First().GetIPProperties()
    .GatewayAddresses.First();

var routerIp = router.Address.ToString();

NetworkInterface Class

连接到网页http:[ip]。此网页的标题作为设备的名称(设备型号)。这适用于显示登录页的设备。如果设备希望通过请求获取用户名和密码,则会发生WebException,您可以读取WebException.Response.Headers标题[“WWW Authenticate”]包含字符串:Basic realm=“X”,其中X是描述设备的字符串。

        private string GetDeviceName(string ip)
    {
        WebClient myWebClient = new WebClient(1000);
        try
        {
            System.IO.Stream s = myWebClient.OpenRead("http://" + ip);
            var sr = new System.IO.StreamReader(s);
            while (!sr.EndOfStream)
            {
                var L = sr.ReadLine();
                var sb = new StringBuilder();
                var st = 0;
                var end = 0;
                if ((st = L.ToLower().IndexOf("<title>")) != -1)
                {
                    sb.Append(L);
                    while ((end = L.ToLower().IndexOf("</title>")) == -1)
                    {
                        L = sr.ReadLine();
                        sb.Append(L);
                    }
                    sr.Close();
                    s.Close();
                    myWebClient.Dispose();
                    var title = sb.ToString().Substring(st + 7, end - st - 7);
                    Regex r = new Regex("&#[^;]+;");
                    title = r.Replace(title, delegate (Match match)
                    {
                        string value = match.Value.ToString().Replace("&#", "").Replace(";", "");
                        int asciiCode;
                        if (int.TryParse(value, out asciiCode))
                            return Convert.ToChar(asciiCode).ToString();
                        else
                            return value;
                    });
                    return $"Router/AP ({title})";
                }
            }
            sr.Close();
            s.Close();
            myWebClient.Dispose();
        }
        catch (System.Net.WebException ex)
        {
            var response = ex.Response as HttpWebResponse;
            if (response == null)
                return "";

            var name = response.Headers?["WWW-Authenticate"]?.Substring(12).Trim('"');
            myWebClient.Dispose();
            return name;
        }
        return "";
    }